规划环境影响评价中开展健康风险源头控制

王红梅; 何磊; 沈鹏; 黄翔; 陈忱; 赵慈; 刘晓宇; 吕世海

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2019.01.009

规划环境影响评价中开展健康风险源头控制

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2019.01.009

王红梅¹,
何磊^2,*, ,,
沈鹏²,
黄翔²,
陈忱²,
赵慈²,
刘晓宇²,
吕世海³

^1. 中国环境科学研究院环境污染与健康研究室,北京 100012
^2. 中国环境科学研究院环境政策与战略环评研究中心,北京 100012
^3. 中国环境科学研究院生态研究所,北京 100012

详细信息

作者简介:
王红梅(1971—),女,研究员,博士,主要从事环境污染与健康研究, wanghmxj@163.com

通讯作者:
何磊 E-mail: helei@craes.org.cn

中图分类号: X321
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-07-10
- 刊出日期: 2019-01-20

Analysis on source control of health risk in planning environmental impact assessment

^1. Environmental and Health Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
^2. Environmental Policy and Strategic Environmental Assessment Research Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
^3. Institute of Ecological Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China

More Information

Corresponding author: Lei HE E-mail: helei@craes.org.cn

摘要

摘要: 规划环境影响评价是我国政府开展环境风险源头预防的重要手段,而现有规划环境影响评价实践中因缺乏健康风险评估指标,严重地削弱了其完整性和有效性。规划健康评估的内涵远远超过传统“四步法”的健康风险评估,它不仅与规划全程互动,而且具有系统性、情景性和反向约束性,其核心目标是通过科学、系统的环境健康影响评估,设计和规划出更绿色、更环保、更合理的产业结构和体系。它以健康风险承受力这个约束性指标为核心,通过对情景健康风险损益与产业发展的预测分析,对污染源进行空间布局与排放限制的调整,为人群健康防护提供合理性指导。为填补当前规划环境影响评价中健康评估指标体系缺失的“短板”,建议尽快开展规划健康风险评估技术研究,推动出台规划健康风险评估技术规范或导则,以保障规划中健康承受力这个刚性约束指标的落地。
- 环境规划 /
- 健康评估 /
- 情景分析 /
- 健康风险约束性指标
Abstract: Planning environmental impact assessment (PEIA) has been one of the most important source control measures to prevent the environmental risk. However, the current practice of PEIA lacks the health risk assessment index system, and thus weaks its integrity and effectiveness greatly. Compared to the traditional four-step health risk assessment procedure, environmental planning health risk assessment (EPHRA) has more implications, which not only interacts with the environmental planning, but also owns systematic, contextual, and reverse restriction to the environmental planning. The core objective of EPHRA is to design greener, and more environmentally friendly and reasonable industrial structures and systems through scientific and systemic environmental health impact assessment. Based on the core index of health risk tolerance, it aims at providing suitable guide to the health protection by adjusting the spatial layout and the emission limitation for the risk sources through the scenario analysis of health benefit and loss and the projection of industrial development. To make up the “gap” of health index missing of EPHRA, itwas suggested that EPHRA technique should be developed as soon as possible, and EPHRA technical guidelines and specifications be promoted, so as to ensure the effective practice of the mandatory health constraints on PEIA.
- environmental planning /
- environmental planning health risk assessment (EPHRA) /
- scenario analysis /
- health risk restriction index

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