Research status and development trend of livestock and poultry wastewater treatment based on bibliometrics
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摘要:
为全面了解畜禽养殖废水领域的研究进展，利用VOSviewer对Web of Science（WoS）核心合集数据库中2003—2023年畜禽养殖废水相关文献进行统计及可视化分析，通过关键词聚类分析，了解该领域的研究主线及多年变化。结果显示：畜禽养殖废水研究领域近3年发文量增长迅猛，截至2023年发文量已达4 117篇，中国、美国学者对该领域研究的贡献度较高且合作密切；有机物、营养物质、致病菌、重金属和抗生素为畜禽养殖废水处理的主要污染物，其中，重金属和抗生素近年来引起了较多的关注，加强畜禽养殖废水中抗生素的监管与处理具有紧迫性；在时间尺度上的映射发现，畜禽养殖废水主要以生物处理技术为主，关键词microalgae-based wastewater treatment（微藻驱动废水处理）的平均出现年份为2022年，表明其为当前畜禽养殖废水处理的新兴技术。此外，还从污染物种类、处理技术方面探讨了畜禽养殖废水处理研究的不足及未来发展趋势，提出基于可持续发展观的低能耗、抗冲击、高附加值的处理技术可能是未来的研究重点，应在此基础上开发新的水处理技术及应用研究。
Abstract:To comprehensively understand the progress of academic research in the field of livestock and poultry wastewater, VOSviewer was used to statistically and visually analyze the literature related to livestock and poultry wastewater in the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection database from 2003 to 2023 and, through keyword clustering analysis, to understand the main lines of research in this field and the changes over the years. The results showed that the number of publications in the field of livestock and poultry wastewater research had grown rapidly in the past three years, the number of publications had reached 4 117 by 2023, and Chinese and American scholars had contributed more to the research in this field and cooperated closely. Organic matter, nutrients, pathogenic bacteria, heavy metals and antibiotics were the main pollutants in livestock and poultry wastewater treatment, of which heavy metals and antibiotics had attracted more attention in recent years. It was urgent to strengthen the supervision and treatment of antibiotics in livestock and poultry wastewater. The mapping on the time scale revealed that livestock and poultry wastewater was mainly treated with biological treatment technology, and the average occurrence year of the keyword microalgae-based wastewater treatment was 2022, indicating that it was a new technology for the treatment of livestock and poultry wastewater. Besides, the research deficiencies and future development trends of livestock and poultry wastewater treatment were discussed in terms of pollutant types and treatment technologies, and it was proposed that low-energy consumption, shock-resistant, and high-value-added treatment technologies based on the concept of sustainable development may be the focus of future research, and that new water treatment technologies and applied research should be developed on this basis.
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图 1 畜禽养殖废水处理领域发文量及发文量趋势拟合
Figure 1. Fitting of published quantity and trend in the field of livestock and poultry wastewater treatment
图 2 畜禽养殖废水处理领域排名前10的学科发文量
Figure 2. Number of papers issued by the top 10 disciplines in the field of livestock and poultry wastewater treatment
图 3 畜禽养殖废水处理领域文献来源期刊（载文量排名前25的期刊）
Figure 3. Literature source journals of livestock and poultry breeding wastewater (top 25 journals by number of articles)
图 4 国家、机构、作者的网络共现图
Figure 4. Network co-occurrence map of countries, institutions and authors
图 5 畜禽养殖废水处理领域关键词聚类
Figure 5. Clustering diagram of keywords in the field of livestock and poultry wastewater treatment
表 1 畜禽养殖废水处理领域共现关键词统计
Table 1. Statistics of co-occurrence keywords in the field of livestock and poultry wastewater treatment
指标 关键词 出现
频次关联词
数量总联系
强度平均
年份污染物
种类ammonia 125 424 1 146 2016 antibiotics 283 636 2 657 2019 bacteria 236 618 2 121 2017 biochemical oxygen demand 12 53 58 2015 carbon 85 360 711 2015 chemical oxygen demand 55 274 413 2016 enterobacteriaceae 52 165 470 2016 heavy metals 222 682 1 925 2019 nitrogen 286 632 2 504 2016 nutrient removal 217 501 1 960 2017 phosphorus 189 512 1 625 2016 removal 756 1060 6 315 2017 处理
技术activated sludge 205 713 1 898 2010 aerobic treatment 8 50 65 2008 algae 82 292 797 2017 anaerobic digestion 373 696 3 155 2017 electrochemical treatment 10 59 75 2018 membrane 32 167 262 2018 microalgae 209 434 1 870 2018 microalgae-based
wastewater treatment4 19 36 2022 SBR 40 167 440 2010 sorption 119 373 1 038 2017 影响
因素dissolved oxygen 36 205 329 2015 pH 95 351 877 2016 technology 30 170 280 2018 temperature 111 397 1 012 2016 water quality 56 220 357 2016 
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