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海南水基钻屑中典型元素分布及其铺垫井场后对地下水的影响

包为磊,  罗飚,  姚光远,  舒辉秀,  周奇,  孙英杰,  黄启飞

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文章导航 > 环境工程技术学报  > 2023 >  13(6): 2229-2239
包为磊，罗飚，姚光远，等.海南水基钻屑中典型元素分布及其铺垫井场后对地下水的影响[J].环境工程技术学报，2023，13（6）：2229-2239 doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230082
引用本文: 包为磊，罗飚，姚光远，等.海南水基钻屑中典型元素分布及其铺垫井场后对地下水的影响[J].环境工程技术学报，2023，13（6）：2229-2239 doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230082
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BAO W L,LUO B,YAO G Y,et al.Typical elements distribution in water-based drilling cuttings from Hainan Province and their effects on groundwater after using as a pave in drilling site[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology，2023，13（6）：2229-2239 doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230082
Citation: BAO W L,LUO B,YAO G Y,et al.Typical elements distribution in water-based drilling cuttings from Hainan Province and their effects on groundwater after using as a pave in drilling site[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology，2023，13（6）：2229-2239 doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230082
shu

海南水基钻屑中典型元素分布及其铺垫井场后对地下水的影响

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230082
  • 1.

    青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院

  • 2.

    国家环境保护危险废物鉴别与风险控制重点实验室, 中国环境科学研究院

  • 3.

    中国石油大港油田分公司第三采油厂

基金项目: 中央级公益性院所基本科研业务专项（2022YSKY-15）
详细信息
    作者简介:

    包为磊（1998—），男，硕士，主要从事大宗工业固体废物资源化利用的环境风险评估研究，1648928044@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    周奇（1982—），男，高级工程师，硕士，主要从事固体废物资源化、危险废物资源化及处置技术研发和环境风险评估研究，zhouqi@craes.org.cn

  • 中图分类号: X705

Typical elements distribution in water-based drilling cuttings from Hainan Province and their effects on groundwater after using as a pave in drilling site

  • 1.

    School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology

  • 2.

    State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

  • 3.

    The Third Extraction of Dagang Oilfield, China Nation Petroleum Corporation

    摘要
  • 摘要:

    铺垫井场是水基钻屑再利用的重要路径。然而，不同区域水基钻屑中元素浓度存在差异，其再利用过程中环境影响仍未全面了解。调查海南5个典型油气田钻井平台的水基钻屑，分析典型元素的分布和浸出特征，评估铺垫井场后对地下水的环境影响。结果表明，海南水基钻屑中Ni、As、Se、Sb、Pb、Hg、Tl、Mo、Ba浓度均未超过GB 36600—2018《土壤环境质量 建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准（试行）》中规定的第二类用地的风险筛选值，除Tl外，其他元素浓度均与采样深度显著相关。浸出液中Pb、Tl、As浓度相对于GB/T 14848—2017《地下水质量标准》规定的Ⅲ类限值分别有36.5%、16.5%、16.5%的超标率，其中As浸出率最高，为35.7%。基于Texas模型的估算以及铺垫井场下方地下水的现场测定，所有检测项目浓度均未超过GB/T 14848—2017规定的Ⅲ类限值，表明水基钻屑铺垫井场是安全的。

     

    Abstract:

    The use of water-based drilling cuttings as a pave in drilling site is an important way for the reuse of the waste. However, the environmental impact from the reuse has not been fully understood due to the variation in the contents of elements in water-based drill cuttings from different regions. The distribution and leaching characteristics of typical elements in the water-based drilling cuttings from the drilling platforms of five typical oil and gas fields in Hainan, China, were investigated. Further, the environmental impacts on groundwater from the reuse were assessed. The results indicated that the concentrations of Ni, As, Se, Sb, Pb, Hg, Tl, Mo and Ba in the investigated water-based drilling cuttings did not exceed the corresponding risk screening values for Class Ⅱ land specified in Soil environment quality: risk control standard for soil contamination of development land (GB 36600-2018); and the concentrations of all elements, excluding Tl, were related with the sampling depths significantly. Compared with the limits of Class Ⅲ set in Groundwater Quality Standard (GB/T 14848-2017), the exceedance rates of Pb, Tl and As in the leachate reached 36.5%, 16.5% and 16.5%, respectively. Among the investigated elements, arsenic had the highest leaching rate (35.7%). The results of risk estimation based on Texas model and on-site measurement of the groundwater below the pave in drilling site suggested that the use of water-based drill cuttings as a paved surface in drilling site was safe, with the concentrations of all tested items not exceeding the Class Ⅲ limit specified in GB/T 14848-2017.

     

    • HTML全文

  • 图  1  各元素浓度随深度的变化规律

    Figure  1.  Variation of the contyent of each element with depth

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    表  1  水基钻屑消解液、浸出液及地下水样品中典型元素检出限

    Table  1.   Detection limit of typical elements in water-based drilling cuttings digestion solution, leaching solution and groundwater samples mg/L　

    项目水基钻屑元素总量
    方法检出限    		水基钻屑浸出毒性及
    地下水方法检出限
    Ni26×10−5
    As0.013×10−4
    Se0.014×10−4
    Sb0.32×10−3
    Pb29×10−5
    Hg0.0024×10−5
    Tl0.12×10−5
    Mo0.16×10−5
    Ba3.63×10−3
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  各钻井平台水基钻屑中典型元素浓度

    Table  2.   Concentrations of typical elements in water-based drilling cuttings from each drilling platform mg/kg　

    项目 花107-94 永5-5X 朝15X 永8-25X 花140X 海南省土壤
    背景值 [31]    		 GB 36600—2018第二类
    用地筛选值
    Ni 最小值 ND 7.00×10−1 13.1 12.4 9.20 14.4 900
    最大值 18.7 24.8 51.2 41.2 23.1
    中位值 10.3 11.7 21.0 20.0 14.3
    As 最小值 ND ND 3.37 2.32 2.11 8.90 60
    最大值 39.0 16.8 259 89.6 181
    中位值 ND ND 6.16 8.51 6.29
    Se 最小值 ND ND 5.00×10−3 8.00×10−2 6.00×10−2 2.88×10−1 —
    最大值 69.3 114 2.23 4.50×10−1 4.50×10−1
    中位值 22.1 15.2 8.00×10−2 1.95×10−1 1.60×10−1
    Sb 最小值 ND ND 5.00×10−1 4.00×10−1 4.00×10−1 — 180
    最大值 66.0 79.3 30.7 16.3 26.8
    中位值 10.3 12.7 2.00 1.50 8.00×10−1
    Pb 最小值 ND ND 19.0 16.0 21.0 36.0 800
    最大值 361 216 533 222 503
    中位值 141 3.80 36.5 36.5 31.0
    Hg 最小值 ND ND 2.50×10−2 1.40×10−2 9.00×10−3 7.80×10−2 38
    最大值 12.8 3.80 2.87 7.99×10−1 1.52
    中位值 ND ND 4.30×10−2 3.80×10−2 2.40×10−2
    　　注：ND表示未检出；—表示未检测该项目或标准中无此项指标。全文同。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  不同地区水基钻屑中典型元素浓度

    Table  3.   Typical element content of water-based drilling cuttings in different regions mg/kg　

    地区NiAsSeSbPbHgTlMoBa
    国内涪陵区[3]5.0~26.62.12~10.70——0.63~10.90.15~0.63———
    西南某页岩气钻井平台[11]19.4~22.63.9~5.7——1.7~2.070.09~0.11———
    塔里木油田[17]0.013~13.60.001 4~2.66——0.016~22.20.000 05~0.054———
    大牛地气田[33]102.1458.330.15790.3266.65.170.049——
    大港油田[34]20141——353.11———
    榆林市与鄂尔多斯市[35]9.58———19.270.02———
    国外波兰[36]24.0~70.1ND~8.1——28.1~250.0ND~0.77——8.6×103~8.14×104
    北海油田[37]36.011.8——38.5——1.103.20×104
    沙特阿拉伯[38]4~22———1~29————
    意大利近海[39]—ND~0.66ND—0.19~0.43————
    美国加州南部[40]17~4710~1332~3560.04~0.071.18×103~1.51×104
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  各钻井平台水基钻屑中典型元素的浸出浓度

    Table  4.   Leaching concentrations of typical elements in water-based drilling cuttings at each drilling platform mg/L　

    项目 花107-94 永5-5X 朝15X 永8-25X 花140X GB/T 14848—2017 Ⅲ类限值
    Ni 最小值 ND ND 1.90×10−3 1.16×10−3 1.13×10−3 2.00×10−2
    最大值 7.14×10−1 3.24×10−2 7.16×10−3 2.16×10−2 4.12×10−2
    中位值 ND ND 4.21×10−3 5.01×10−3 5.90×10−3
    As 最小值 ND ND ND 5.00×10−4 4.00×10−4 1.00×10−2
    最大值 4.24×10−1 6.18×10−1 3.70×10−3 2.61×10−2 3.05×10−2
    中位值 ND ND 4.00×10−4 2.60×10−3 3.20×10−3
    Se 最小值 ND ND ND ND ND 1.00×10−2
    最大值 1.31×10−2 ND ND 2.30×10−3 1.60×10−3
    中位值 ND ND ND ND ND
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  水基钻屑中典型元素的浸出率及超标率

    Table  5.   Leaching rate and excess rate of typical elements in water-based drilling cuttings %　

    重金属 浸出率 超标率
    Ni 2.93×10 −2~6.98 5.88
    As 1.93×10 −3~35.7 16.5
    Se 2.50×10 −1~20.0 0
    Sb 6.50×10 −1~28.6 11.8
    Pb 2.06×10 −4~13.2 36.5
    Hg 1.40×10 −1~17.8 8.23
    Tl 1.00×10 −1~4.20×10 −1 16.5
    Mo 1.17~36.8 8.23
    Ba 2.93×10 −2~6.98 9.41
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  不同地区水基钻屑中典型元素的浸出浓度

    Table  6.   Leaching concentrations of typical elements in water-based drilling cuttings in different regions mg/L　

    地区NiAsSeSbPbHgTlMoBa
    国内重庆市涪陵区[43]ND0.016~0.033ND—NDND——4~7
    四川南部某页岩气钻井平台[44]5.3×10−49.7×10−3ND—6.7×10−33.7×10−4——5.1×10−2
    四川长宁区[45]—ND——NDND———
    渤海某油气钻井平台[46]4.2×10−39.93×10−37.5×10−4—ND1.6×10−4——0.179
    新疆油气田[47]5×10−3~ 0.8480.05~1.6——0.025~3.435×10−6~5.23×10−2——0.035~341
    大牛地气田[33]4.2×10−4~0.141.2×10−3~0.213.1×10−4~0.055—2.1×10−4~0.11.6×10−3~9.7×10−2——9.8×10−3~1.7
    国外北海油田(mg/kg)[48]ND~0.5NDNDNDNDNDND~0.50.43~3.85
    巴西[49]0.24~0.93———ND~0.88————
    伊朗南部[50]—6.5ND—310——1.8340
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  7  各井场Cwell计算结果

    Table  7.   Calculation results of Cwell values of each drilling site mg/L　

    重金属花107-94永5-5X朝15X永8-25X花140XGB/T 14848—2017 Ⅲ类限值
    Ni1.03×10−44.42×10−51.05 ×10−53.18×10−56.07×10−52.00×10−2
    As4.55×10−51.54×10−53.46 ×10−62.44×10−55.65×10−51.00×10−2
    Se9.76×10−54.88 ×10−51.95 ×10−62.24×10−51.56×10−51.00×10−2
    Sb1.42 ×10−45.28×10−61.58×10−52.11×10−61.58×10−65.00×10−3
    Pb5.56×10−45.09 ×10−43.10 ×10−62.22×10−44.47×10−41.00×10−2
    Hg1.36×10−52.27 ×10−51.00×10−84.00×10−88.00×10−81.00×10−3
    Tl8.1×10−63.89 ×10−54.1 ×10−77.00×10−81.20×10−71.00×10−4
    Mo1.17×10−41.17 ×10−44.93 ×10−53.69×10−52.16×10−47.00×10−2
    Ba8.8 ×10−41.28 ×10−21.36×10−39.99×10−43.55×10−37.00×10−1
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  8  试验井场地下水监测结果

    Table  8.   Groundwater monitoring results of the experimental drilling sites mg/L　

    监测区域NiAsSeSbPbHgTlMoBa
    上游50 m3.29×10−3NDNDNDNDNDND1.44×10−2ND
    厂区内6.82×10−3NDNDND1.6×10−4NDND3.58×10−30.24
    下游50 m4.06×10−3NDNDNDNDNDND1.63×10−30.16
    下载: 导出CSV
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