考虑地形与生物多样性的InVEST模型及其在县域生物多样性安全格局分析中的应用

陈朝; 杨贤房; 陈进栋; 王琦; 刘婷; 邓南荣

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220783

考虑地形与生物多样性的InVEST模型及其在县域生物多样性安全格局分析中的应用

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220783

陈朝^1,,
杨贤房^{3, 4},
陈进栋^2, ,,
王琦¹,
刘婷¹,
邓南荣¹

1.
华南土壤污染控制与修复国家地方联合工程研究中心, 广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室,广东省科学院生态环境与土壤研究所
2.
福建师范大学地理科学学院
3.
江西师范大学地理与环境学院
4.
赣南师范大学地理与环境工程学院

基金项目: 广东省科学院发展专项资金项目（2019GDASYL-0105042）；国家自然科学基金项目（41877514，42277479）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈朝（1978—），男，高级工程师，博士，主要从事土地利用、国土空间规划与生态安全相关研究，shuangshi1010@126.com

通讯作者:
陈进栋（1986—），男，工程师，博士，主要从事土地资源管理研究，cjd8613@163.com

中图分类号: X176
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-08-05
- 录用日期: 2022-10-20
- 修回日期: 2022-08-09
- 网络出版日期: 2023-05-15

InVEST Model considering terrain and biodiversity and its application in the analysis of county biodiversity security pattern: a case study of Wengyuan County

1.
National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences
2.
School of Geographic Sciences, Fujian Normal University
3.
School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University
4.
School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University

摘要

摘要:
县域尺度生物多样性安全格局精细评估可为区域生物多样性保护规划、实施与管理提供科学参考。以粤北山区翁源县为例，采用InVEST生境质量模型，结合区域地形与生物多样性特征，以生境质量指数、地形与生物多样性综合指数为评价指标，开展区域生物多样性安全格局综合评估。结果表明：翁源县整体生境质量指数（HQI）较高，尤其在人为扰动较弱的水系和林区最为明显，生境质量指数较低区集中在建设用地、耕地等人类活动影响强烈区域；地形多样性综合指数（TDCI）与地形起伏度和地形坡度位置指数分布格局较为一致，而与地形湿度指数相对差值分布格局相反；生物多样性指数（BCI）分布格局受到香农-威纳指数物种多样性本底及生物多样性丰富度、人类足迹指数、生物多样性重要度与植被总覆盖度的交互影响；生物多样性综合安全格局指数与HQI、BCI及TDCI分布有较好的一致性，低风险/低脆弱（高安全）区集中在县域内城镇建设用地、交通水利和耕地等人类活动强烈区，高风险/高脆弱（低安全）区主要分布在县域北部、西北部、东南部、东北部自然保护和饮用水源等人类活动干扰微弱区。通过与区域生态保护红线等相关资料进行验证与分析，改进优化后的评估结果更能精细和客观地反映研究区生物多样性安全格局。
- InVEST生境质量模型 /
- 生物多样性综合指数 /
- 地形多样性综合指数 /
- 生物多样性安全格局 /
- 翁源县
Abstract:
Detailed assessment of the county-level biodiversity security pattern can provide scientific reference for the planning, implementation and management of regional biodiversity conservation. Taking Wengyuan County in the mountainous area of Northern Guangdong Province as an example, InVEST habitat quality model was used to achieve a comprehensive assessment of the regional biodiversity security pattern, by combining with regional topography and biodiversity characteristics and applying the habitat quality index and the composite topography and biodiversity index as evaluation indicators. The results showed that the overall habitat quality index (HQI) of Wengyuan County was good, especially in the river system and forest areas with weak anthropogenic disturbance, and the areas with low HQI were concentrated in the those strongly influenced by human activities such as construction land and cultivated land. The distribution pattern of topographic diversity composite index (TDCI) was consistent with that of relief amplitude (RA) and slope position index (SPI), but opposite to that of the relative difference of topographic wetness index (RDW). The distribution pattern of biodiversity composite index (BCI) was affected by the interaction between species diversity background in Shannon-Wiener index (H') and biodiversity richness (BR), human footprint index (HF), biodiversity significance (BS) and total vegetation coverage. The distribution of biodiversity security pattern index (BSPI) was well consistent with that of HQI, BCI and TDCI. Low-risk/low-vulnerability areas were concentrated in the county areas with strong human activities, such as urban construction land, transportation and water conservancy, and cultivated land. High-risk/high-vulnerability areas were mainly distributed in the areas with weak anthropogenic disturbances, such as nature protection and drinking water sources in the north, northwest, southeast and northeast of Wengyuan County. Through the verification and analysis of the relevant data such as the ecological protection redline, it was shown that the improved and optimized evaluation results could reflect the biodiversity security pattern of the study area more precisely and objectively.
- InVEST habitat quality model /
- biodiversity composite index /
- topographic diversity composite index /
- biodiversity security pattern /
- Wengyuan County

HTML全文

图 1 研究区位置及高程

Figure 1. Location and DEM of the study area

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图 2 生境质量指数分布格局

Figure 2. Habitat quality index distribution pattern

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图 3 地形与生物多样性指数分布格局

Figure 3. Topography and biodiversity index distribution patterns

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图 4 生物多样性综合安全格局及生态保护红线

Figure 4. Comprehensive biodiversity security pattern and ecological conservation redline

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表 1 威胁源及其相对权重和最大影响距离

Table 1. Threat sources and their relative weights and maximum impact distances

威胁源	相对权重	最大影响距离/km
城镇用地	0.8	2
农村用地	0.6	1
耕地	0.3	0.5
铁路	0.4	0.6
主要公路	0.4	0.7
工矿用地	1	2.5

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表 2 生境适宜度及其对威胁源的相对敏感度

Table 2. Habitat suitability and its relative sensitivity to threat sources

生态系统类型	地类	生境适宜度	生境对各威胁源的敏感性
生态系统类型	地类	生境适宜度	城镇用地	农村用地	耕地	铁路	主要公路	工矿用地
农田生态系统	耕地	0.5	0.5	0.3	0	0.4	0.3	0.8
森林生态系统	林地	1	0.8	0.65	0.5	0.6	0.7	0.9
	绿地	0.8	0.7	0.5	0.35	0.55	0.5	0.8
	陆域自然保留地	1	0.8	0.65	0.5	0.6	0.7	0.9
	园地	0.7	0.6	0.45	0.35	0.6	0.65	0.8
草地生态系统	牧草地	0.7	0.7	0.5	0.35	0.55	0.5	0.8
湿地生态系统	陆地水域	0.8	0.75	0.6	0.4	0.55	0.5	0.8
湿地生态系统	湿地	1	0.75	0.55	0.4	0.6	0.7	0.9
人工生态系统	居住用地	0.1	0	0	0	0	0	0
	广场用地	0.1	0	0	0	0	0	0
	商业服务业设施用地	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	公共管理与公共服务设施用地	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	区域基础设施用地	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	仓储用地	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	道路与交通设施用地	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	工业用地	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	采矿盐田用地	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	公共设施用地	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
其他	其他农用地	0.2	0.2	0	0	0.1	0.1	0.3
其他	特殊用地	0.1	0.2	0	0	0.1	0.1	0.3

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表 3 生物多样性综合安全格局分布面积统计

Table 3. Statistics on the distribution area of comprehensive biodiversity security pattern

安全格局	面积/hm²	面积占比/%	生态保护红线内占比/%
高安全	31 171.77	14.35	0.21
较高安全	6 701.94	3.09	0.22
中安全	27 643.77	12.73	2.89
较低安全	70 503.12	32.47	25.37
低安全	81 135.18	37.36	71.32
总计	217 155.78	100	100

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