Technology development and engineering practice for emergency treatment of explosion pit wastewater in Xiangshui Chemical Industry Park explosion accident
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摘要:
化工园区突发环境污染事故产生的污水具有污染物浓度高、毒性大、成分复杂、应急处理难度大等特点，对生态环境危害严重，且社会影响较大。针对响水化工园区爆炸事故爆坑污水应急处理需求，开展了污水水质分析、处理工艺筛选、小试试验验证以及工程实施成效研究。小试试验显示，采用活性炭-活性污泥（AC-AS）工艺对爆坑污水进行强化预处理，可大幅降低污水中污染物浓度，总有机碳和氨氮去除率达96.9%和65.7%，预处理后出水满足后续陈家港污水处理厂进水要求。工程运行结果显示，经AC-AS工艺预处理和陈家港污水处理厂处理后，出水COD、氨氮及其他污染物指标均满足污水处理厂执行的DB 32/939—2006《江苏省化学工业主要水污染物排放标准》和GB 31571—2015《石油化学工业污染物排放标准》，爆坑污水应急处理工程对COD、氨氮、苯胺累计削减量分别为33 319.6、209.4和6.2 kg。爆坑污水经陈家港污水处理厂达标处理排放后，受纳水体下游水质未出现异常，水环境未受到明显影响。此次污水处理案例表明，AC-AS工艺对该类事故污水具有较好的处理效果。
Abstract:The wastewater generated by the sudden environmental pollution accidents in the chemical parks has the characteristics of high concentration and toxicity, complex pollutant composition, and difficulty in emergency treatment, which is seriously harmful to the ecological environment and has a great social impact. In response to the needs of emergency treatment of wastewater from the explosion pit of Xiangshui Chemical Industry Park explosion accident, research on wastewater quality analysis, treatment process screening, bench-scale test, and project implementation effect was carried out. The bench-scale test showed that by the pretreatment of activated carbon enhanced activated sludge (AC-AS), the pollutant concentration of the explosion pit wastewater was greatly reduced, the removal efficiency of total organic carbon and ammonia nitrogen reached 96.9% and 65.7%, respectively, and the pretreated effluent met the influent requirements of the follow-up Chenjiagang Wastewater Treatment Plant (WTP). The project operation showed that after the pretreatment of AC-AS, and the treatment of WTP, all indicators of the effluent (COD, ammonia nitrogen and other pollutants) met the discharge standards of Discharge Standard of Main Water Pollutants for Chemical Industry of Jiangsu Province (DB 32/939-2006) and Emission Standard of Pollutants for Petrochemical Industry (GB 31571-2015). The emergency treatment project reduced chemical oxygen demand by 33319.6 kg, ammonia nitrogen by 209.4 kg, and aniline by 6.2 kg. After the wastewater was treated up to the discharge standard by Chenjiagang WTP, the water quality of the downstream receiving water body kept normal and the water environment was not significantly adversely affected. This wastewater treatment case showed that AC-AS had a good treatment effect on this kind of accidental wastewater.
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Key words:
- Xiangshui /
- chemical industry park /
- explosion accident /
- wastewater /
- emergency treatment /
- engineering practice
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图 2 AC-AS工艺应急工程布局
Figure 2. Emergency engineering layout of activated carbon-activated sludge process
图 3 陈家港污水处理厂运行水质指标
Figure 3. Operating water indexes in Chenjiagang wastewater treatment plant
图 4 受纳水体水质指标监测结果
Figure 4. Monitoring results of water quality indicators in receiving water body
表 1 受污染水量估算及水质指标
Table 1. Estimation of polluted water quantity and water quality indexes
受污染水体 pH COD/(mg/L) 氨氮浓度/(mg/L) 苯胺类浓度/(mg/L) 水质特征 预估水量/万m3 爆坑污水 9.1~12.5 1 300~3 000 50.0~90.0 高COD、高氨氮 2.1 厂区地面积水 <1.0 1 080~55 500 112.0~323.0 强酸性、高COD、高氨氮 0.1 三排河 6.1 634 10.0~15.0 50.0~80.0 高COD、高苯胺 2.8 新丰河重污染段 7.3 300~380 10.0 6.0~20.0 较高COD、高苯胺 2.2 新丰河轻污染段 7.2 79 3.1 0.9 轻度污染 2.2 新民支渠 7.0 468 7.8 0.9 高COD 3.5 新农河 8.2 93 2.5 轻度污染 0.7 四排河 6.0~9.0 64~315 3.2~39.0 0~13.1 轻度污染 0.8 新民河 6.0~9.0 23~114 0.02~1.5 0~0.08 微污染 14.3 总计 28.7 
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表 2 爆坑污水处理运行参数
Table 2. Operational parameters for wastewater treatment of explosion pit
指标 工程参数 处理水量/m3 20580 进水TOC浓度/（mg/L） <500.0 进水氨氮浓度/（mg/L） <40.0 pH 7.0~9.0 营养物质COD∶P 100∶1 活性炭投加量/（mg/L） 1 000 活性污泥浓度/（mg/L） 3 000 ~4 000
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