不同阳极设置对人工湿地-微生物燃料电池脱氮及产能的影响

李朝明; 许丹; 黄铭意; 唐顺静; 韩胡威

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220048

不同阳极设置对人工湿地-微生物燃料电池脱氮及产能的影响

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220048

东华理工大学水资源与环境工程学院

基金项目: 江西省自然科学基金项目(20192BAB213021)

详细信息

作者简介:
李朝明（1982—），男，讲师，硕士，主要从事水及污水处理技术理论研究，cmli@ecut.edu.cn

中图分类号: X703
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-17

Effects of different anode settings on the performance of nitrogen removal and electrogenesis capacity in constructed wetland-microbial fuel cells

School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology

摘要

摘要:
人工湿地-微生物燃料电池（constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell, CW-MFC）耦合系统是人工湿地和生物电化学技术的有机结合，其中阳极是限制耦合系统输出功率和污染物净化性能的关键因素。构建了未加入颗粒活性炭（CW-MFC1）和加入颗粒活性炭（CW-MFC2）2套耦合系统以探讨阳极加入颗粒活性炭对耦合系统产电和脱氮性能的影响，并利用高通量测序技术对比分析2套系统阳极和阴极微生物群落组成。结果表明：CW-MFC2耦合系统的输出电压和最大功率密度（430 mV，8.39 mW/m²）高于CW-MFC1（379 mV，7.77 mW/m²）。试验运行前期（0 ~29 d），CW-MFC2耦合系统的氨氮去除率为65.72%±3.06%，显著高于CW-MFC1（56.06%±3.71%），而二者的总氮去除率相差不大；随着时间的推移（30 ~105 d），CW-MFC1耦合系统的氨氮和总氮去除率逐渐高于CW-MFC2，尤其是总氮去除更为显著（CW-MFC1为42.69%±4.19%，CW-MFC2为32.50%±11.51%）。高通量测序结果表明，CW-MFC1阳极富集的不动杆菌属以及阴极大量的反硝化菌（巨大芽殖杆菌属、地杆菌属、黄杆菌属、不动杆菌属和脱氯单胞菌属等）的富集可能是其脱氮性能优于CW-MFC2的主要原因。综上，阳极加入颗粒活性炭可提升CW-MFC耦合系统的产电性能，但不利于生物脱氮过程。
- 人工湿地 /
- 微生物燃料电池 /
- 脱氮 /
- 颗粒活性炭 /
- 阳极
Abstract:
Constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell (CW-MFC) coupling system is a combination of constructed wetland and bioelectrochemical technology, in which the anode is the key factor to limit the output power and pollutant purification performance of the coupling system. Two coupling systems, CW-MFC1 (without granular activated carbon) and CW-MFC2 (with granular activated carbon), were constructed to investigate the effects of the addition of granular activated carbon at the anode on the power generation and nitrogen removal performance of the coupling system. The compositions of microbial communities at the anode and cathode of the two systems were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the output voltage and maximum power density (430 mV, 8.39 mW/m²) of the CW-MFC2 reactor were higher than those of CW-MFC1 (379 mV, 7.77 mW/m²). The ammonia nitrogen removal rate of the CW-MFC2 reactor was 65.72%±3.06% in the early stage of the experimental operation (days 0 to 29), which was significantly higher than that of CW-MFC1 (56.06%±3.71%), and the total nitrogen removal rates of the two were relatively close. On days 30 to 105, the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen removal rate of the CW-MFC1 reactor were gradually higher than that of CW-MFC2, especially the total nitrogen removal was more significant (CW-MFC1 42.69%±4.19%, CW-MFC2 32.50%±11.51%). Besides, the high-throughput sequencing results showed that the high abundance of Acinetobacter at the anode and plentiful denitrifying bacteria (Gemmobacter, Geobacter, Flavobacterium, Acinetobacter, and Dechloromonas, etc.) in CW-MFC1 might be the main reasons for the better denitrification performance of CW-MFC1 than CW-MFC2. Overall, adding granular activated carbon to the anode could improve the power generation performance of the CW-MFC coupling system, but it was not conducive to the biological nitrogen removal process.
- constructed wetland /
- microbial fuel cells /
- denitrification /
- granular activated carbon /
- anode

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图 1 CW-MFC耦合系统试验装置示意

注：尺寸数字的单位为cm。

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of CW-MFC coupled system test devices

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图 2 CW-MFC耦合系统外电路电压、功率密度曲线和极化曲线

Figure 2. Output voltage, power density curve, and polarization curve of CW-MFC coupling system

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图 3 CW-MFC耦合系统出水污染物浓度及其去除率

Figure 3. Pollutant effluent concentrations and removal efficiencies of CW-MFC coupling system

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图 4 CW-MFC耦合系统出水温度

Figure 4. Effluent temperature of CW-MFC coupling system

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图 5 CW-MFC耦合系统电极门和属水平上微生物的相对丰度

Figure 5. Relative abundances of microorganisms at the phylum and genus levels in the electrodes of CW-MFC coupling system

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