缓释碳源填充管式生物反应装置强化脱氮性能及其微生物分布特征

崔贺

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210589

缓释碳源填充管式生物反应装置强化脱氮性能及其微生物分布特征

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210589

崔贺

上海市政工程设计研究总院(集团)有限公司

基金项目: 上海市“科技创新行动计划”项目（21DZ1209803）；上海市青年科技启明星计划项目（20QB1404800）

详细信息

作者简介:
崔贺（1990—），男，工程师，博士，主要从事排水工程设计与工艺优化研究，cuihe@smedi.com

中图分类号: X703
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-10-18

Enhanced denitrification performance and microbial distribution characteristics of Tubular Bio-reactor Device filled with slow-release carbon source

CUI He

Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co., Ltd.

摘要

摘要:
为研究缓释碳源填充管式生物反应装置（TBD）对不同氮组分生活污水的脱氮性能及机理，考察中试规模的TBD在3种不同溶解氧（DO）、氨氮（NH₄ ⁺-N）及硝氮（NO₃ ⁻-N）浓度工况下的实际运行效果，同时监测TBD沿程的DO浓度、碳氮比（C/N）、碳源等环境因子变化情况，并在运行期末对TBD的管内基质进行16S rRNA多样性高通量测序。结果表明：3种工况条件下TBD对污水中NH₄ ⁺-N、NO₃ ⁻-N和总氮（TN）的去除率均达90%以上，TBD具有良好的脱氮性能；缓释碳源有助于TBD沿程C/N的增加，且TBD出水COD_Cr始终低于GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅴ类水质标准限值，表明TBD在强化脱氮的同时不会产生有机质过量排放问题。此外，TBD中DO浓度沿程递减，形成了好氧-缺氧沿程分布的特征，且该特征促进了好氧反硝化-缺氧反硝化菌属在TBD的沿程分布。
- 管式生物反应装置 /
- 脱氮 /
- 好氧-缺氧 /
- 缓释碳源 /
- 微生物分布
Abstract:
To study the denitrification performance and mechanism of tubular bio-reactor device (TBD) filled with slow-release carbon source for domestic sewage with different nitrogen components, the actual operation effect of TBD in pilot scale under three different concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonia nitrogen (NH₄ ⁺-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO₃ ⁻-N) was investigated. At the same time, the change trends of environmental factors such as DO concentration, carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio), and carbon source along the TBD were monitored, and 16S rRNA diversity high-throughput sequencing of the matrix in the tube of TBD was conducted at the end of the operation period. The results showed that the removal rates of NH₄ ⁺-N, NO₃ ⁻-N and total nitrogen (TN) in sewage by TBD under three working conditions were more than 90%, proving that TBD had good denitrification performance. The slow-release carbon source contributed to the increase of C/N ratio along the TBD, and COD_Cr of TBD effluent was always lower than the Class Ⅴ standard of Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB 3838-2002), which indicated that the TBD did not produce excessive organic matter emission during enhanced nitrogen removal. Furthermore, the decrease of DO concentration along the process formed the characteristics of aerobic hypoxia distribution along the TBD and promoted the distribution of aerobic denitrification-anoxic denitrification bacteria along the TBD.
- tubular bio-reactor device /
- denitrification /
- aerobic-anoxia /
- slow-release carbon source /
- microbial distribution

HTML全文

图 1 TBD中试装置照片

Figure 1. Photo of pilot-scale TBD

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 TBD中试装置构造

1—射流曝气机/水泵；2—导流管；3—集水槽；4—配水管；5—TBD；6—浮体；7—植物；8—水面；9—池底

Figure 2. Structure of pilot-scale TBD

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 TBD中试装置在3种工况下对NH₄ ⁺-N、NO₃ ⁻-N和TN的去除性能

Figure 3. Removal efficiency of NH₄ ⁺-N, NO₃ ⁻-N and TN in pilot-scale TBD with three operating conditions

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 TBD沿程氮浓度分布

Figure 4. Variation of nitrogen concentrations along the TBD

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图 5 3种工况下TBD沿程DO浓度、C/N及运行期间COD_Cr变化

Figure 5. Variation of DO and C/N ratio along the TBD as well as COD_Cr during the operation period under three operating conditions

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图 6 TBD生物膜样品在门水平及属水平的丰度占比

注：剔除了丰度小于1.0%的细菌门。

Figure 6. Abundance of biofilm samples of the TBD at the phylum and genus level

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 TBD中试装置不同工况下的供试水质及运行条件

Table 1. Water quality and operation conditions of pilot-scale TBD in different operating modes

工况	运行时段	初始NH₄ ⁺-N浓度/ （mg/L）	初始NO₃ ⁻-N浓度/ （mg/L）	初始TN浓度/ （mg/L）	进水DO浓度/ （mg/L）	供水方式
工况1	2016-08—2017-01	8.8 ± 0.8	9.6 ± 0.9	20.0 ± 1.7	6.0 ± 1.0	射流曝气机供水， 50%功率运转
工况2	2017-02—2017-07	1.6 ± 0.3	12.1 ± 1.0	15.0 ± 1.3	3.0 ± 1.0	水泵供水，满功率运转
工况3	2017-08—2018-01	12.0 ± 1.2	6.6 ± 0.7	20.0 ± 1.9	9.0 ± 1.0	射流曝气机供水，满功率运转

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 TBD生物膜样品的微生物丰度占比和多样性指数

Table 2. Microbial richness and diversity index of the biofilm samples from the TBD

样品编号	高质量序列数	覆盖率/%	OTUs	Chao1指数	ACE指数	Simpson指数	Shannon多样性指数
Z1	73 151	97.7	5 701	26 217	43 217	0.036	5.37
Z2	80 206	95.3	6 312	32 217	52 805	0.021	6.12

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 TBD生物膜样品中的脱氮相关菌属的丰度占比

Table 3. Abundance of nitrogen removal functional genera in the biofilm samples from the TBD %　

菌属类别	菌属名	Z1	Z2
好氧反硝化相关菌属	Citrobacter	13.4	0.5
	Acinetobacter	11.1	0.7
	Rhizobium	9.2	0.5
	Pseudomonas	5.5	0.3
	Bacillus	0.9	0.2
	Achromobacter	0.3	0.0
	Enterobacter	0.1	0.0
	合计	40.5	2.2
缺氧反硝化相关菌属	Thermomonas	0.67	9.35
	Steroidobacter	0.15	5.15
	Hyphomicrobium	0.76	2.37
	Flavobacterium	0.1	0.7
	Azospira	0.1	0.6
	Dechloromonas	0.1	0.4
	Hyphomicrobium	0.1	0.4
	合计	2.0	19.0

下载: 导出CSV

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