山东省平度市农村黑臭水体DOM三维荧光光谱的平行因子分析

张晓亮; 王洪波; 杨芳; 王思宇; 郭晓娅; 冯慧娟

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210488

山东省平度市农村黑臭水体DOM三维荧光光谱的平行因子分析

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210488

张晓亮^{1, 2,},
王洪波¹,
杨芳²,
王思宇²,
郭晓娅²,
冯慧娟^2, ,

1.
山东建筑大学市政与环境工程学院
2.
中国环境科学研究院

基金项目: 生态环境部业务专项（22110402001001）

详细信息

作者简介:
张晓亮（1995—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为农村黑臭水体治理，1157365493@qq.com

通讯作者:
冯慧娟（1980—），女，正高级工程师，博士，主要从事农村黑臭水体、农村水环境研究，fenghj@craes.org.cn

中图分类号: X52
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-09-08
- 网络出版日期: 2022-06-07

Parallel factor analysis with three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy on dissolved organic matter of rural black and odorous water bodies in Pingdu City of Shandong Province

1.
School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University
2.
Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

摘要

摘要:
运用三维荧光光谱联合平行因子法及相关性分析，以山东省平度市农村黑臭水体为研究对象，探讨其溶解性有机质（DOM）组成、腐殖化程度及来源。结果表明：该市农村黑臭水体DOM包含5类6个荧光组分，分别为类色氨酸荧光组分（C1和C6）、类腐殖质荧光组分（C2）、浮游生物活动产生荧光组分（C3）、类胡敏酸荧光组分（C4）、类富里酸荧光组分（C5）；荧光指数、自生源指数、腐殖化指数和新鲜度指数分别为1.6～1.9、0.8～1.0、0.6～3.0和0.80~0.95的水体占90%，表明该市农村黑臭水体DOM具有外源与内源双重特性，同时具有弱腐殖质特征；结合相关性分析得出，C1、C2、C3、C4之间均呈正相关，其中C2与C4呈极显著正相关（R²=0.98，P<0.01），C5、C6与其他组分之间均不相关，表明该市农村黑臭水体DOM组分来源具有多样性。
- 农村黑臭水体 /
- 溶解性有机质(DOM) /
- 三维荧光光谱 /
- 平行因子分析(PARAFAC)
Abstract:
Three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy (EEMs) combined with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) were used to analyze the components, humification degree and sources of dissolved organic matter (DOM) of rural black and odorous water bodies in Pingdu City of Shandong Province. The results showed that the DOM of rural black and odorous water bodies in the city contained five categories and six fluorescence components, including tryptophan-like fluorescence components (C1 and C6), humus-like fluorescence components (C2), fluorescence components produced by plankton activities (C3), humic acid-like fluorescence components (C4), and fulic-like fluorescence components (C5). The water bodies with fluorescence index, autochthonous index, humification index and freshness index of 1.6-1.9, 0.8-1.0, 0.6-3.0 and 0.80-0.95, respectively, accounted for 90% of all, indicating that the DOM in rural black and odorous water bodies in the city had the dual characteristics of endogenous and exogenous, and had weak humification characteristics. The correlation analysis showed that the positive correlation was found between C1, C2, C3 and C4, and a significant positive correlation existed between C2 and C4 (R²=0.98, P<0.01), and C5 and C6 had no correlation with other components, indicating that the sources of DOM components of rural black and smelly water bodies in the city were diverse.

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图 1 研究区16个黑臭采样点位置示意

Figure 1. Sampling sites of 16 black and odorous water bodies in the research area

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图 2 三维荧光光谱不同组分数激发光谱和发射光谱的残差平方和

Figure 2. Sum of the squares of excitation spectrum and emission spectrum residuals of the different fractions of three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy

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3 PARAFAC技术提取出各采样点水体DOM的6个荧光组分

3. Six fluorescence components extracted by PARAFAC of DOM in water bodies at each sampling point

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3 PARAFAC技术提取出各采样点水体DOM的6个荧光组分(续)

3. Six fluorescence components extracted by PARAFAC of DOM in water bodies at each sampling point (continued)

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图 4 各采样点水体DOM荧光组分的F_max及相对占比

Figure 4. Maximum fluorescence intensity (F_max) and relative proportion of DOM fluorescence components in water bodies at each sampling point

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图 5 16个采样点水体中DOM的4种荧光参数

Figure 5. Four fluorescence parameters of DOM in water bodies at 16 sampling points

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图 6 16个采样点DOM荧光组分的聚类分析

Figure 6. Cluster analysis of DOM fluorescence compents at 16 sampling points

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表 1 水体中DOM的6个荧光组分的特征

Table 1. Characteristics of the six fluorescent components of DOM in water

组分	荧光类型	荧光峰类型	传统峰值/nm		本研究的峰值/nm		文献中的峰值/nm
组分	荧光类型	荧光峰类型	Ex	Em	Ex	Em	Ex	Em
C1	类色氨酸	T1峰	275	340～350	280	330	270～290	320～370^[18]
C2	类腐殖质	M峰	290～310	370～420	315	400	300～320	380～420^[19]
C3	与浮游生物活动相关产物	N峰	280	375	280	370	280	370^[20]
C4	类胡敏酸	F峰	350～440	430～510	360	465	310～360	370～480^[21]
C5	类富里酸	A峰	230～260	380～460	255	435	230~255	400～460^[17]
C6	类色氨酸	T2峰	225～230	340～350	225	345	225	340^[22]

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表 2 荧光组分与荧光参数的相关系数

Table 2. Correlation analysis between fluorescence parameters and fluorescent components

参数	C1	C2	C3	C4	C5	C6	FI	BIX	HIX	β:α
C1	1.000
C2	0.529^*	1.000
C3	0.853^**	0.697^**	1.000
C4	0.571^*	0.985^**	0.721^**	1.000
C5	0.079	0.338	0.012	0.235	1.000
C6	0.439	−0.066	0.253	−0.110	0.452	1.000
FI	−0.441	0.050	−0.418	−0.018	0.668^**	−0.018	1.000
BIX	−0.444	−0.359	−0.438	−0.418	0.288	0.059	0.603^*	1.000
HIX	−0.788^**	−0.053	−0.629^**	−0.118	0.400	−0.334	0.729^**	0.350	1.000
β:α	−0.531^*	−0.384	−0.543^*	−0.456	0.416	0.102	0.699^**	0.961^**	0.484	1.000
注：^表示P<0.05，为显著相关；^*表示P<0.01，为极显著相关。

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