常州某纺织工业园区周边PM<sub>2.5</sub>和PM<sub>10</sub>中重金属源解析及健康风险评估

吴庆瑶; 张丽娟; 丁平; 郭震; 李歆; 黄楚珊; 蔡丹; 李廷真; 胡国成

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210475

常州某纺织工业园区周边PM_2.5和PM₁₀中重金属源解析及健康风险评估

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210475

吴庆瑶^{1, 2, 3, 4,},
张丽娟^{1, 3},
丁平^{1, 3},
郭震^{1, 3},
李歆^{1, 3},
黄楚珊^{1, 3},
蔡丹^{1, 3},
李廷真²,
胡国成^{1, 2, 3, ,}

1.
生态环境部华南环境科学研究所
2.
重庆三峡学院环境与化学工程学院
3.
国家环境保护环境污染健康风险评价重点实验室
4.
南方科技大学公共卫生及应急管理学院

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC1801505）

详细信息

作者简介:
吴庆瑶（1997—），女，硕士，主要从事环境健康风险评价研究，qywu1997@163.com

通讯作者:
胡国成（1978—），男，研究员，博士，主要从事环境健康风险评价研究，huguocheng@scies.org

中图分类号: X513
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- 文章访问数: 253
- HTML全文浏览量: 115
- PDF下载量: 39
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-31
- 网络出版日期: 2023-01-31

Source analysis and health risk assessment of heavy metals in PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ around a textile industrial park in Changzhou

WU Qingyao^{1, 2, 3, 4
,},
ZHANG Lijuan^{1, 3},
DING Ping^{1, 3},
GUO Zhen^{1, 3},
LI Xin^{1, 3},
HUANG Chushan^{1, 3},
CAI Dan^{1, 3},
LI Tingzhen²,
HU Guocheng^{1, 2, 3
, ,}

1.
South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment
2.
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University
3.
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment
4.
School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology

摘要

摘要:
以江苏省常州市典型纺织工业园区为例，在其周边区域采集PM_2.5和PM₁₀样品，通过微波消解的前处理方法，采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）测定样品中的Sb、Co、V、Pb、Cd、As、Cu、Ni和Cr浓度，分析夏、冬两季样品中重金属浓度特征及季节变化规律，利用正定矩阵因子模型（PMF）和美国国家环境保护局（US EPA）健康风险评估模型评估其来源及健康风险。结果表明：该纺织工业园区周边夏、冬两季PM_2.5的平均浓度分别为64.41和109.29 μg/m³，PM₁₀的平均浓度分别为89.08和146.65 μg/m³，冬季PM_2.5和PM₁₀浓度水平分别是夏季的1.70和1.65倍，均呈冬季大于夏季的特征；纺织工业园区周边大气颗粒物中As出现超标现象，最大超标倍数为GB 3095—2012《环境空气质量标准》参考浓度限值的33.3倍，冬季各金属浓度水平均大于夏季；PMF模型分析表明，纺织工业园区周边区域PM_2.5和PM₁₀中各重金属的主要来源为道路扬尘和工业排放复合源，其在夏、冬季的贡献率分别为59.7%、64.2%；健康风险模型表明，暴露在冬季PM_2.5和PM₁₀中，儿童的总非致癌风险系数分别为1.13和1.20（>1.00），存在非致癌风险，男性和女性的Cr、As致癌风险指数均超过阈值（10⁻⁶~10⁻⁴），存在致癌风险，处于不可接受水平。
- PM_2.5 /
- PM₁₀ /
- 重金属 /
- 污染特征 /
- 源解析 /
- 健康风险
Abstract:
Taking a typical textile industrial park in Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province as an example, PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ samples were collected in the surrounding areas. Through the microwave pretreatment method, the contents of Sb, Co, V, Pb, Cd, As, Cu, Ni, and Cr in PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ were obtained using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The characteristics and seasonal variation of heavy metal concentrations in summer and winter were analyzed, and the sources and health risks of heavy metals were evaluated using the positive definite matrix factor model (PMF) and the US EPA health risk assessment model. The results showed that the mean values of PM_2.5 around the textile industrial park in summer and winter were 64.41 and 109.29 μg/m³, respectively, and the mean values of PM₁₀ were 89.08 and 146.65 μg/m³, respectively. Both PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ concentrations were higher in winter than in summer. PM_2.5 content in winter was about 1.70 times that in summer, and PM₁₀ content in winter was about 1.65 times that in summer. Particulate matter around the textile industrial park exceeded the standard, with the maximum over-standard multiple being 33.3 times of the reference concentration limit of the Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095-2012), and the levels of metal elements in winter were greater than in summer. PMF model analysis showed that the main sources of heavy metals in PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ in the surrounding areas of the textile industrial park were road dust and industrial emissions, contributing 59.7% and 64.2% in summer and winter, respectively. The health risk model showed that in winter, exposure to the PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ had a non-carcinogenic risk to children, and the total non-carcinogenic risk value were 1.13 and 1.20, respectively. The carcinogenic risk indexes of Cr and As were not within the threshold range (10⁻⁶-10⁻⁴), which was at an unacceptable level.
- PM_2.5 /
- PM₁₀ /
- heavy metals /
- pollution characteristics /
- source analysis /
- health risk

HTML全文

图 1 采样点位示意

Figure 1. Location of the sampling sites

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 夏季PM_2.5和PM₁₀中重金属元素的PMF源解析结果

Figure 2. Source profiles of heavy metals in PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ calculated with PMF during summer time

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 冬季PM_2.5和PM₁₀中重金属元素的PMF源解析结果

Figure 3. PMF source analysis result of heavy metals in PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ in winter

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图 4 夏、冬季各因子分别对PM_2.5和PM₁₀的贡献率

Figure 4. Contribution of different factors on PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ during summer and winter

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图 5 纺织工业园区周边PM_2.5和PM₁₀中重金属非致癌风险评价

Figure 5. Non-carcinogenic risk assessment of heavy metals in PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ around the textile industrial park

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图 6 纺织工业园区周边PM_2.5和PM₁₀中重金属致癌风险评价

Figure 6. Carcinogenic risk assessment of heavy metals in PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ around the textile industrial park

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表 1 重金属的RfD和SF

Table 1. RfD and SF of several heavy metals

重金属	RfD	SF
Sb	4.00×10⁻⁴
Co	5.71×10⁻⁶	9.80
V	7.00×10⁻³
Pb	3.52×10⁻³	2.80×10⁻¹
Cd	1.00×10⁻³	6.30
As	3.01×10⁻⁴	15.1
Cu	4.02×10⁻²
Ni	2.00×10⁻²	8.40×10⁻¹
Cr	2.86×10⁻⁵	42.0

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 纺织工业园区周边区域与国内典型城市PM_2.5和PM₁₀重金属浓度比较

Table 2. Mass concentrations of heavy metals in PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ in the surrounding area of the textile industrial park and typical cities in China ng/m³　

项目		PM	Sb	Co	V	Pb	Cd	As	Cu	Ni	Cr
本研究	夏季	PM_2.5	2.29	0.44	110.27	23.88	0.65	56.91	342.82	6.64	14.79
	夏季	PM₁₀	2.61	0.75	116.7	31.97	0.75	54.32	647.63	10.95	16.52
	冬季	PM_2.5	4.51	0.63	316.76	42.41	1.19	128.74	500.04	9.87	40.96
	冬季	PM₁₀	5.32	1.13	271.62	46.32	1.34	106.46	641.21	11.74	44.29
珠海^[26]	夏季	PM_2.5	19.5	2.3	5.3	20.6			6.7	5.3	4.2
珠海^[26]	冬季	PM_2.5	22.4	1.6	10.2	101.9			36.2	7.4	6.8
郑州^[27]	冬季	PM_2.5		0.36	1.92	63.42	2.61	10.86	30.46	5.65	7.99
太原^[28]		PM_2.5		1.44	26.1	73.41	0.87	6.84	24.07	14.17	24.31
晋中市榆次区^[28]		PM_2.5		0.73	22.73	70.02	0.9	7.63	12.07	6.21	10.07
香港^[29]		PM_2.5	41		18	61		16	24	58
香港^[29]		PM₁₀	50		19	69		16	57	66

下载: 导出CSV

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