生物法烟气脱硝工艺研究进展

徐梦蝶; 王建芳; 葛璟麟; 薛瑢; 陈佳琦

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210457

生物法烟气脱硝工艺研究进展

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210457

徐梦蝶^1,,
王建芳^{1, 2, 3, ,},
葛璟麟²,
薛瑢²,
陈佳琦¹

1.
苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院
2.
苏州科技大学天平学院
3.
城市生活污水资源化利用技术国家地方联合工程实验室

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(51878430)；江苏省高校优势学科建设工程项目

详细信息

作者简介:
徐梦蝶（1995—），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为环境污染控制理论与技术，xumengdie2021@163.com

通讯作者:
王建芳（1973—），女，教授，博士，研究方向为环境污染控制理论与技术，wjf302@163.com

中图分类号: X703
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- 文章访问数: 261
- HTML全文浏览量: 155
- PDF下载量: 33
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-26
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-25

Research advances of bioprocesses for NO_x removal from flue gas: a critical review

XU Mengdie^1
,,
WANG Jianfang^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
GE Jinglin²,
XUE Rong²,
CHEN Jiaqi¹

1.
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology
2.
College of Tianping, Suzhou University of Science and Technology
3.
National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology

摘要

摘要:
氮氧化物（NO_x）作为PM_2.5和O₃的前驱物，是重要的大气污染控制指标。选择性催化还原（SCR）、选择性非催化还原（SNCR）等是目前燃煤工业锅炉烟气脱硝的主流技术，但存在投资成本高、运行条件苛刻等问题，在中小型烟气脱硝工程应用中受到限制。生物法烟气脱硝技术因其高效、低耗、可持续特征在中小规模烟气脱硝中得到青睐，近年来许多学者对其开展了较广泛的研究。综述了生物法烟气脱硝技术的研究进展，概述相关工艺的脱硝原理及技术特征。论述了化学吸收-生物降解法（BioDeNO_x）的最新研究方向，重点阐述了络合吸收-生物还原（CABR）反应器的运行原理、还原机制、反应器开发、运行参数和影响因素等，讨论了CABR体系存在的问题及解决措施，并对生物法烟气脱硝技术今后的研究方向进行了展望。
- 氮氧化物 /
- BioDeNO_x /
- 化学吸收 /
- 生物过程 /
- Fe(Ⅱ)EDTA /
- 烟气脱硝
Abstract:
Nitrogen oxides (NO_x), the precursors of PM_2.5 and O₃, are important air pollution control indices. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) are mature technologies for NO_x removal from coal-fired industrial boiler flue gas. However, the application of the two technologies in small-and-medium denitrification engineering is limited because of their high investment costs, harsh operating conditions and other factors. In recent years, biological denitrification technologies have been used increasingly in small-and-medium flue-gas denitration projects. Many scholars have carried out extensive research on them. The advances of bioprocesses for NO_x removal from flue gas were critically reviewed, and the denitrification principles and technical characteristics of related processes were summarized. The latest research directions of chemical absorption-biological denitrification (BioDeNO_x) were reviewed, and the operational principles, reduction mechanism, reactor developments, operational parameters and influencing factors of complexation absorption-biological reduction (CABR) were emphatically elucidated. The obstacles of the CABR system and its solutions were systematically discussed, and the future trends of bioprocesses for NO_x removal were prospected.
- nitrogen oxides /
- BioDeNO_x /
- chemical absorption /
- bioprocess /
- Fe(Ⅱ)EDTA /
- flue gas denitrification

HTML全文

图 1 CABR 法原理^[29]

Figure 1. Principle of complexation absorption-biological reduction method

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图 2 微生物电化学还原过程^[48]

Figure 2. Electrochemical reduction process of microorganisms

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 不同脱硝技术优缺点及适用性对比

Table 1. Comparison of advantages, disadvantages and applicability of different denitrification technologies

工艺类别	优点	缺点	适用性
硝化	不受氧气干扰	NO气液传质效率低，无法彻底脱氮	适用于后续有废水反硝化的体系中
反硝化	清洁环保，NO去除率较高	易受氧气干扰，受NO气液传质效率低的问题制约	适用于含氧量较低的烟气脱硝
厌氧氨氧化	同步脱硝和废水资源化	对厌氧环境要求严苛，易受氧气干扰	适用于含氨氮废水和烟气脱硝需要同步处理的场景
微藻代谢	有经济效益，绿色环保	NO去除率较低，工艺应用有待优化	适用于较高浓度NO，可用作微藻生长氮源

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表 2 不同生物脱硝工艺运行参数和性能

Table 2. Operational parameters and performance of different biological denitrification processes

BioDeNO_x工艺	反应器	Fe(Ⅱ)EDTA 浓度/ (mmol/L)	NO浓度/10⁻⁶	NO去除率/%
CABR^[25]	GL-RDB	10	544	95
AnammoxDeNO_x^[26]	SBR	0.5	282.26	43.64
Fungi-based BioDeNO_x^[27]		5	300	80~85

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表 3 基于CABR工艺的不同生物反应器的运行参数与脱硝性能对比

Table 3. Comparison of operation parameters and denitrification performance of different bioreactor based on CABR process

反应器	NO浓度/10⁻⁶	O₂浓度/10⁻⁶	NO去除率/%
BTF-ABR^[41]	380	3.5~7	90
喷射环式生物反应器（JLBR）^[42]	500~3 000		81~94
生物转鼓滤池^[43]	370	0	61.1
生物膜填料塔^[24]	100~500	1~5	>90

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