基于生物配位体模型的汾河铜水质基准研究

李扬; 牛永华; 李会仙; 孙福红; 苏海磊

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210404

基于生物配位体模型的汾河铜水质基准研究

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210404

1.
太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院
2.
环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 中国环境科学研究院

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(41503106)；山西省水利厅2020年水资源管理与保护项目(SZY202001)；国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3200104)

详细信息

作者简介:
李扬(1985—)，女，高级工程师，博士，主要从事水文学及水资源研究，happyyang211@163.com

通讯作者:
李会仙(1976—)，女，副研究员，主要从事水质基准与环境毒理学研究，lihuix111@126.com

中图分类号: X522,X171.5
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-13

Study on water quality criteria of copper in the Fen River based on biotic ligand model

1.
College of Water Resource Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology
2.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

摘要

摘要:
铜是山西汾河流域主要污染物之一，为准确评估流域铜暴露的生态风险，调查了汾河流域本土水生生物的毒性数据，运用生物配位体模型方法获得汾河铜的保护水生生物短期和长期水质基准值，分别为98.62和29.71 μg/L。依据铜的水质基准进行风险评价，结果显示，汾河水体中铜对水生生物属于无风险水平。
- 水质基准 /
- 汾河 /
- 生物配体模型 /
- 生态风险评价
Abstract:
Copper is one of the main pollutants in Fen River watershed. In order to accurately evaluate the ecological risk of copper exposure in the watershed, the toxicity data for native aquatic species in the Fen River watershed were investigated. The short-term and long-term water quality criteria of copper for the protection of aquatic organisms in the Fen River were obtained by using the biological ligand model method, which were 98.62 and 29.71 μg/L, respectively. According to the water quality criteria of copper, the risk assessment results showed that copper in Fen River water had no risk to aquatic organisms.
- water quality criteria /
- Fen River /
- biotic ligand model /
- ecological risk assessment

HTML全文

图 1 汾河水样采样点分布

Figure 1. Water sampling sites in the Fen River

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图 2 铜对淡水生物的物种敏感度分布曲线

Figure 2. Simulation of species sensitivity distribution curves for freshwater life exposed to Cu

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表 1 汾河水质参数及铜浓度

Table 1. Water quality parameters and concentrations of copper in the Fen River mg/L　

采样点	水温^1）	pH^2）	硬度	铜^3）	DOC	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Na⁺	K⁺	SO₄²⁻	Cl⁻	碱度
S1	23.8	8.48	320.29	1.369	10.11	81.94	24.93	75.94	7.39	342.17	105.10	327.60
S2	24.0	8.37	240.22	0.772	10.55	79.78	25.23	69.36	6.92	312.18	96.27	262.08
S3	23.3	8.28	220.20	0.823	10.87	67.95	24.29	86.29	8.36	274.04	110.92	393.12
S4	24.3	8.37	225.20	0.829	11.16	75.82	25.12	70.83	8.44	287.05	102.63	277.20
S5	23.9	8.07	270.24	0.942	9.08	68.21	25.18	62.63	7.97	260.97	85.94	352.80
S6	21.2	8.15	170.15	0.496	7.85	54.42	24.63	46.84	6.06	153.33	25.86	352.80
S7	24.1	8.15	159.14	0.573	10.61	59.77	25.16	66.89	7.54	228.52	82.73	252.00
S8	19.2	8.11	185.17	0.976	8.82	56.94	24.43	66.94	6.34	324.00	156.91	246.96
S9	22	8.13	179.16	0.619	8.12	54.27	24.26	51.55	5.29	169.80	64.34	252.00
S10	21.2	8.16	440.40	0.609	8.53	166.31	19.83	111.29	33.84	605.04	361.39	201.60
S11	20.9	8.35	120.11	0.919	12.17	33.44	25.09	126.21	17.03	201.73	177.37	252.00
S12	20.9	8.33	141.13	1.371	7.67	50.57	24.75	73.59	5.29	230.30	93.47	378.00
S13	20.7	8.34	180.16	0.676	8.16	34.16	24.08	57.06	11.32	121.58	74.62	267.12
S14	21.2	9.05	160.14	0.321	6.35	40.64	24.43	53.49	2.21	180.22	62.52	252.00
S15	21.2	8.31	200.18	0.665	8.20	66.36	24.66	49.13	5.48	93.00	46.29	443.52
中值	21.2	8.31	182.66	0.772	8.82	59.77	24.66	40.34	7.39	230.30	93.47	267.12
1）水温单位为℃；2）pH无量纲；3）铜浓度单位为μg/L。

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表 2 采用汾河水体水质参数标准化的铜的急性毒性数据

Table 2. Acute toxicity values of copper standardized by water quality parameters of the Fen River

门	科	属	种	拉丁名	标准化毒性值/(μg/L)	数据来源
节肢动物门	蚤科	蚤属	大型溞	Daphnia magna	268.130	文献[2,11,30-32]
节肢动物门	蚤科	网纹蚤属	模糊网纹蚤	Ceriodaphnia dubia	274.469	文献[33-37]
脊索动物门	鳅科	泥鳅属	泥鳅	Misgurnus anguillicaudatus	826.735	文献[14]
环节动物门	带丝蚓科	带丝蚓属	夹杂带丝蚓	Lumbriculus variegatus	1 044.078	文献[38]
脊索动物门	鲤科	鲢属	鲢鱼	Hypophthalmichtys molitrix	1 637.161	文献[39]
脊索动物门	鲤科	草鱼属	草鱼	Ctenopharyngodon idellus	3 727.492	文献[39]
脊索动物门	鲤科	麦穗鱼属	麦穗鱼	Pseudorasbora parva	4 248.686	文献[14]
节肢动物门	长臂虾科	沼虾属	青虾	Macrobrachium nipponense	5 006.789	文献[14]
脊索动物门	鲤科	鲤属	鲤鱼	Cyprinus carpio	9 137.915	文献[14]
脊索动物门	鲤科	鲫属	鲫鱼	Carassius auratus	12 645.654	文献[14]
节肢动物门	摇蚊科	摇蚊属	羽摇蚊幼虫	Chironomus plumosus	1 380 854.580	文献[14]

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表 3 铜对淡水水生生物的短期基准值及模型评价参数

Table 3. Short-term criteria values and model evaluation parameters of copper on freshwater aquatic organisms

模型	数量	HC₅/(μg/L)	R²	RMSE	SSE	KS_p	短期基准值/(μg/L)
Logistic	11	93.325	0.939 9	0.064 6	0.045 9	0.999 2	46.663
Log-logistic	11	197.242	0.964 9	0.049 3	0.026 8	0.999 9	98.621
Normal	11	88.920	0.932 6	0.068 4	0.051 5	0.990 4	44.460
Log-normal	11	191.867	0.964 7	0.049 5	0.027 0	1.000 0	95.933
Extreme value	11	11.885	0.896 2	0.084 9	0.079 3	0.894 2	5.943

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表 4 不同水体中铜水质基准与国内外相关基准/标准比较

Table 4. Comparison between water quality criteria of copper in various water bodies and criteria/standards at home and abroad

水体	推导方法	水生生物基准/(μg/L)
水体	推导方法	短期	长期
汾河（本研究）	BLM-SSD	98.62	29.71
太湖^[14]	BLM-SSD	53.50	16.10
太湖^[14]	BLM-TPR	32.20	9.70
澜沧江^[13]	BLM-SSD	26.79	1.11
太湖^[40]	PSSD	14.57	3.26
中国^[41]	评价因子法		2.00
	TPR	9.10	5.63
	SSD	30.0	9.44
美国^[11]	TPR	23.38 (180,CMC)	14.8(180, CCC)
美国^[11]	BLM-TPR	2.34	1.45
加拿大	评价因子法		3.91(180)
澳大利亚	SSD		1.4(30, HRTV)
GB 3838—2002		1 000（Ⅱ类~Ⅲ类）
注：TPR为毒性百分数排序法；PSSD为概率物种敏感度分布法；CMC为基准最大浓度；CCC 为基准连续浓度；HRTV为高度可靠触发浓度。

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表 5 国内外不同水域的水质参数

Table 5. Water quality parameters of different water bodies at home and abroad mg/L

区域	水温^1）	pH^2）	硬度	DOC	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Na⁺	K⁺	SO₄ ²⁻	Cl⁻	碱度
汾河	21.2	8.31	183	8.82	59.77	24.66	40.34	7.39	230.3	93.47	267.12
澜沧江^[13]	18.1	8.11		1.12	17.97	0.71	3.84	2.30	48.35	13.24	112.32
太湖^[14]	8.9	8.09	137	4.94	81.75	18.73	98.7	9.70	84.91	69.19	87
美国^[11]	20.0	7.5	100	0.5	14.0	12.1	26.3	2.1	81.4	1.90	65.0
1）水温单位为℃；2）pH无量纲。

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