巴音布鲁克高寒草原植被覆盖度时空格局及影响因素

吾甫尔·托乎提; 吕田田; 赛·巴雅尔图; 冯朝阳

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210353

巴音布鲁克高寒草原植被覆盖度时空格局及影响因素

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210353

1.
新疆巴州生态环境局
2.
北京市昌平区兴寿学校
3.
国家环境保护区域生态过程与功能评估重点实验室, 中国环境科学研究院

基金项目: 国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项（20130315）

详细信息

作者简介:
吾甫尔·托乎提（1971—），男，高级工程师，主要从事流域生态环境研究，122061047@qq.com

中图分类号: X171
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-07-24

Temporal-spatial patterns and influencing factors of vegetation coverage in Bayanbulak Alpine Grassland, China

1.
Xinjiang Bazhou Ecological Environment Bureau
2.
Beijing Changping District Xingshou School
3.
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-Process and Function Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

摘要

摘要:
基于MODIS NDVI数据采用线性混合光谱模型，对巴音布鲁克草原2000—2020年植被覆盖度状况进行测算，采用一元回归线性分析方法分析了其时空变化特征，以及气象、地形和土地覆被变化对区域植被覆盖度的影响。结果显示：1）2000—2020年巴音布鲁克草原平均植被覆盖度为46.19%，总体呈西部高东部低的空间分布格局。植被覆盖度大于60%的区域分布在西北部和南部，面积占比为24.70%；植被覆盖度小于15%的区域面积占比为19.91%，分布在研究区边缘。2）2000—2020年巴音布鲁克草原植被覆盖度呈先下降后升高的变化趋势，总体年下降速率为0.093%。像元尺度上，大部分地区植被覆盖度基本不变，呈降低趋势的面积占比为24.86%，呈面状分布在中东部和北部；呈增加趋势的面积占比为10.54%，分散分布在研究区中部和西部边缘。3）植被覆盖度随着海拔升高逐渐降低，阳坡植被覆盖度总体低于阴坡；年降水量和年平均气温对植被覆盖度的影响具有明显的空间异质性，分别约10.70%和13.99%的地区植被覆盖度与当年降水量和上年降水量呈正相关，8.23%和11.11%的地区植被覆盖度与当年和上年平均气温呈正相关，8.23%和5.35%的地区与当年和上年平均气温呈负相关。土地覆被类型的转化，尤其是冰川和永久积雪的减少促进了植被覆盖度的变化。
- 植被覆盖度 /
- NDVI /
- 时空格局 /
- 影响因素 /
- 巴音布鲁克草原
Abstract:
Based on MODIS NDVI data, the fractional vegetation cover (FVC) of Bayanbulak Grassland was measured from 2000 to 2020 by using a linear mixed spectral model, and the spatial-temporal variation patterns were analyzed by using the linear regression method. Besides, the influence of meteorological, terrain and land cover changes on regional FVC were analyzed. The results were as follows: 1) From 2000 to 2020, the average FVC of Bayanbulak Grassland was 46.19%, which showed a spatial distribution pattern of high in the west and low in the east. Areas with FVC greater than 60% were distributed in the northwest and south, accounting for 24.70% of the total area; areas with FVC lower than 15% were distributed at the edge of the study area. 2) FVC showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing from 2000 to 2020, with an average annual decline rate of 0.093%; on the pixel scale, FVC remained basically unchanged in most areas, and the areas with a decreasing trend accounted for 24.86%, faceted in the central-east and north, and the areas with an increasing trend accounted for 10.54%, distributed in the edge of the middle and west of the study area. 3) FVC gradually decreased with elevation, and it was generally lower on the sunny slope than that on the shady slope. The effects of annual precipitation and annually average temperature on FVC showed significant spatial heterogeneity. About 10.70% and 13.99% of the regions had a positive correlation between FVC with the current year's precipitation and the last year's precipitation, and 8.23% and 11.11% of the regions had a positive correlation between FVC with the current year's average temperature and the last year's average temperature, and 8.23% and 5.35% of the regions had a negative correlation between FVC with the current year's average temperature and the last year's average temperature. The transformation of land cover types, especially the reduction of glaciers and permanent snow cover, contributed to the change of FVC.
- fractional vegetation coverage (FVC) /
- normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) /
- spatial-temporal pattern /
- influencing factors /
- Bayanbulak Grassland

HTML全文

图 1 2000—2020年巴音布鲁克草原平均植被覆盖度空间分布

Figure 1. Spatial distribution map of the average FVC of Bayinbulak Grassland from 2000 to 2020

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 2000—2020年巴音布鲁克草原植被覆盖度年际变化

Figure 2. Interannual variability of FVC in Bayanbulak Grassland from 2000 to 2020

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 2000—2020年巴音布鲁克植被覆盖度变化等级空间分布

Figure 3. Spatial change distribution of FVC change grade in Bayanbulak from 2000 to 2020

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 植被覆盖度与年降水量相关关系空间分布

Figure 4. Spatial distribution map of the relationship between FVC and annual precipitation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 植被覆盖度与年平均气温的相关关系空间分布

Figure 5. Spatial distribution map of the relationship between FVC and annual average temperature

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 2000—2020年巴音布鲁克草原不同土地覆被转移情况

Figure 6. Change of different land cover in Bayanbulak Grassland from 2000 to 2020

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 2000—2020年不同海拔植被覆盖度及其变化情况

Table 1. FVC and its changes in different elevation intervals from 2000 to 2020

海拔区间/m	多年平均FVC/%	FVC变化等级占比/%
海拔区间/m	多年平均FVC/%	明显增加	略微增加	基本不变	略微降低	明显降低
919~1 500	65.92	3.33	3.99	79.16	5.41	8.11
1 500~2 000	64.43	0.26	0.67	57.18	14.72	27.17
2 000~2 500	56.00	5.38	4.57	67.97	8.75	13.33
2 500~3 000	50.61	3.13	3.13	70.00	11.14	12.6
3 000~3 500	48.66	9.82	5.25	59.30	8.78	16.85
3 500~4 000	21.96	9.39	5.07	58.09	7.06	20.39
4 000~4 592	8.82	3.94	4.60	72.40	7.65	11.41

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 植被覆盖度与气象要素的相关关系统计

Table 2. Correlation diagram of FVC with annual precipitation and annual average temperature %　

各类别占比	极显著正相关	显著正相关	不显著相关	显著负相关	极显著负相关
当年降水量	3.70	7.00	88.48	0.82	0.00
上年降水量	2.47	11.52	86.01	0.00	0.00
当年平均气温	1.65	6.58	83.54	6.17	2.06
上年平均气温	3.70	7.41	83.54	2.47	2.88
注：相关系数为正且P≤0.01，极显著正相关；相关系数为正且0.01<P≤0.05，显著正相关；相关系数为负且0.01<P≤0.05，显著负相关；相关系数为负且P≤0.01，极显著负相关；P>0.05，不显著相关。

下载: 导出CSV

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