Simulation test on the influence of sediment accumulation on the drainage capacity of rainwater pipeline
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摘要:
我国大部分城市的雨水管道都存在沉积物累积现象，其一方面阻塞管道，降低过流能力，引发积水内涝，另一方面也是造成受纳水体冲击污染的主要原因之一。针对上述问题，通过实验室试验，研究了沉积物累积厚度、沉积物表面粗糙程度、管道坡度等因素对雨水管道过流能力的影响。结果表明：在坡度为2‰条件下，当管径为150 mm时，沉积物累积厚度从管道直径的20%增至70%，过流能力削减率从14.93%增至59.56%；根据水力学相似准则，当管径为2 000 mm时，沉积物累积厚度从20%增至70%，过流能力削减率从44.78%增至73.75%。因此，过流能力削减率随沉积物累积厚度和管径的增加而增加。试验条件下，沉积物表面粗糙度变化对过流能力无显著影响，随粗糙度增加，过流能力削减率变化幅度的平均值为5.93个百分点；而坡度变化对过流能力的影响较为明显，试验条件下过流能力削减率变化幅度为12.30~28.83个百分点。研究结果可为城市雨水排水管道的优化设计、维护管理、监测评估提供依据。
Abstract:Most rainwater drainage pipelines in China have sediment accumulation phonomenon, which often blocks the pipeline and reduces the drainage capacity, resulting in water logging. Meanwhile, the sediment accumulation is also one of the main sources of abruptly pollution in the receiving water. In view of the above problems, the effects of sediments accumulation thickness, sediment surface roughness and pipeline slope on the drainage capacity of rainwater pipeline were studied through laboratory experiment. The results showed that with the pipeline slope of 2‰, and when pipe diameter was 150 mm, the sediment accumulation thickness increased from 20% to 70%, and the reduction rate of drainage capacity increased from 14.93% to 59.56%. According to the hydraulic similarity criterion, when the diameter of pipeline was 2 000 mm, the sediment accumulation thickness increased from 20% to 70%, and the reduction rate of drainage capacity increased from 44.78% to 73.75%. Therefore, the reduction rate of drainage capacity increased with the increase of sediment cumulative thickness and pipe diameter. The changing of surface roughness of the sediment has no markedly effect on the drainage capacity, under experimental conditions, the average increase in drainage capacity reduction was 5.93 percentage points, while the slope change had a more obvious effect on the drainage capacity. When the slope increased, the reduction range of drainage capacity was 12.30-28.83 percentage points. Overall, the research results could provide a support for the optimization design, maintenance management, monitoring and evaluation of urban rainwater drainage pipeline.
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Key words:
- sediment /
- rainwater drainage pipeline /
- drainage capacity /
- roughness /
- slope
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图 1 试验装置示意
1—调节水箱；2—进水管；3—配水箱；4—满流管道；5—稳流水箱；6—主管道；7—回流管
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the experiment device
图 2 雨水排水管道沉积物模拟方法示意
Figure 2. Simulation method of sediment accumulation in rainwater drainage pipeline
图 3 管道过流能力削减示意
注：Q为流量；h为液位。①表示水位到达①处时，管道从无压流变成有压流。
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of pipe drainage capacity reduction
图 5 沉积物厚度对过流能力的影响
注：虚线表示管径的上限（模拟管道的管径为150 mm）。
Figure 5. Influence of sediment thickness on discharge capacity
图 6 沉积物厚度、管径与过流能力削减率关系曲线（坡度为2‰）
注：虚线表示管道的运行过流能力不低于70%的清淤临界条件，即削减率不超过30%。
Figure 6. Relationship curve between sediment thickness, pipe diameter and drainage capacity reduction rate (slope of 2‰)
图 7 不同粗糙度下过流能力削减效果（S50%）
Figure 7. Drainage capacity reduction effect under different roughness (S50%)
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