冬季Z市水源DOM组成、三卤甲烷生成势特性及去除研究

郝桂珍; 卢炳珩; 徐利; 赵勇; 范宇成

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210158

冬季Z市水源DOM组成、三卤甲烷生成势特性及去除研究

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210158

郝桂珍^{1, 2,},
卢炳珩^{1, 2},
徐利^{1, 2},
赵勇^{1, 2},
范宇成^{1, 2}

1.
河北建筑工程学院市政与环境工程学院
2.
河北省水质工程与水资源综合利用重点实验室

基金项目: 河北省自然科学基金资助项目（D2020404001）；河北省高等学校科学技术研究重点项目（ZD2021316）；河北建筑工程学院校级研究生创新基金项目（XY202029）；河北省省属高校基本科研业务费项目（2021QNJS01）

详细信息

作者简介:
郝桂珍(1971—)，女，教授，主要从事水处理技术与水环境研究，haoguizhen8@163.com

中图分类号: X524
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-05-06

Analysis of DOM composition, the formation potential of trihalomethanes and its removal from water source of Z City in winter

HAO Guizhen^{1, 2
,},
LU Bingheng^{1, 2},
XU Li^{1, 2},
ZHAO Yong^{1, 2},
FAN Yucheng^{1, 2}

1.
Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Architecture
2.
Hebei Key Laboratory of Water Quality Engineering and Comprehensive Utilization of Water Resources

摘要

摘要: 以冬季Z市水源地2条入库河流为研究对象，通过联合运用三维荧光光谱、树脂分离分级和紫外可见分光光度法，探究水源地原水中溶解性有机物（DOM）的荧光成分、来源、组成、腐殖化程度与消毒副产物三卤甲烷（THMs）生成势的关系。结果表明：三维荧光光谱解析出水源地2条入库河流原水中共有类蛋白物质（C1）、紫外腐殖酸类物质（C2）、陆地/人造腐殖质类物质（C3）3个荧光峰；水源地的2条入库河流（Q河与X河）的3个荧光峰峰值分别为4.50、10.75、7.56和1.33、9.24、7.56；荧光源指数（FI）与生物源指数（BIX）均体现出水源地原水中的DOM主要为陆源输入；此外，水源地原水中的DOM化学分级之后，5个组分浓度表现为疏水性有机酸（HoA）>亲水物质（HiM）>疏水中性有机物（HoN）>疏水碱性有机物（HoB）>弱疏水酸性有机物（wHoA）；Q河原水氯化后产生CHCl₃、CHClBr₂和CHBrCl₂ 3种成分，X河氯化后产生CHCl₃和CHBrCl₂ 2种成分，说明河水并没未受到明显的工业污染。水源地2条入库河流原水的DOM各化学分级组分的THMs生成势的研究结果表明，THMs的主要前驱物为HoA和HiM，而HoA、HiM、wHoA 3种组分对THMs的生成能力均较强，与紫外吸收特性SUVA相一致，说明生成THMs的能力也很强，应选取工业聚合氯化铝进行强化混凝去除。
- 冬季水源 /
- 溶解性有机物 /
- 分级表征 /
- 三卤甲烷生成势(THMFP) /
- 三维荧光光谱
Abstract: Taking the water source of Z City in winter as the research object, the relationship between the fluorescence composition, source, composition, humification degree of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and the generation potential of trihalomethanes (THMs) was investigated by the combined use of 3D fluorescence spectroscopy, resin separation and classification, and UV-vis spectrophotometry. The results showed that a total of three fluorescence peaks were resolved by 3D fluorescence spectra: protein-like material (C1), ultraviolet humic acid material (C2) and terrestrial/artificial humic material (C3) in the raw water of the water source. The three fluorescence peaks in Q River and X River were 4.50, 10.75, 7.56 and 1.33, 9.24, 7.56, respectively. The fluorescence source index (FI) and biogenic index (BIX) both reflected that DOM of the water source was mainly terrestrial source input. In addition, after the chemical classification of DOM of the water source, the concentrations of five components were as follows: hydrophobic organic acids (HoA) > hydrophilic substances (HiM) > hydrophobic neutral organic substances (HoN) > hydrophobic alkaline organic substances (HoB) > weak hydrophobic acidic organic substances (wHoA). CHCl ₃, CHClBr₂ and CHBrCl₂ were produced by chlorination of Q River raw water, and CHCl₃ and CHBrCl₂ were produced by chlorination of X River, indicating that the river water was not significantly polluted by industry. At the same time, the study of disinfection by-product THMs generation potential was conducted on each chemically graded component of DOM of the water source, and it was found that the main precursors of THMs were HoA and HiM, and HoA, HiM and wHoA had a strong ability to generate THMs, which was consistent with SUVA values of UV absorption characteristics, indicating that the ability to generate THMs was also strong. The industrial polyaluminium chloride should be selected to enhance coagulation for removal.
- water source in winter /
- dissolved organic matter /
- classification characterization /
- trihalomethanes formation potential /
- three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy

HTML全文

图 1 Z市水源地原水三维荧光光谱

Figure 1. 3D fluorescence spectra of raw water in water source of Z City

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图 2 Z市水源地原水化学分级各组分占比

化学组分

Figure 2. Contents ratio of each component in the chemical classification in the water source of Z City

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图 3 Z市水源地原水DOM各化学分级组分THMFP的占比

Figure 3. Proportion of THMFP of each chemical fraction of DOM in raw water of water source of Z City

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图 4 Z市水源地原水DOM各化学分级组分STHMFP的占比

化学组分

Figure 4. Proportion of STHMFP of each chemical fraction of DOM in raw water of water source of Z City

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图 5 Z市水源地原水各化学分级组分的SUVA

化学组分

Figure 5. SUVA values of various chemical fractions of raw water in water source of Z City

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表 1 Z市水源地原水基础数据

Table 1. Basic data of raw water in water source of Z City

入库河流	电导率/（μS/cm）	pH	温度/℃	TOC浓度/（mg/L）
Q河	776	7.85	−0.5	5.875
X河	988	7.77	−0.5	5.683

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表 2 Ex/Em及相应的原水DOM荧光组分特征

Table 2. Ex/Em wave lengths and corresponding raw water DOM components characteristics

Ex/Em/(nm/nm）	荧光组分类型	Q河峰值	X河峰值
280/316	C1（类蛋白物质）	4.50	1.33
300/378	C2（紫外腐殖酸）	10.75	9.24
250/416	C3（陆地/人造腐殖质）	7.56	7.56

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表 3 Z市水源地原水氯化后产生的THMs不同成分的浓度

Table 3. Concentrations of different components of THMs produced after chlorination of raw water in the water source of Z City

入库河流	THMs成分	气相色谱参数			最终浓度/（μg/L）
入库河流	THMs成分	出峰时间/min	响应	峰高	最终浓度/（μg/L）
Q河	氯仿	10.761	332 764	108 900.54	10.790 3
	二溴一氯甲烷	14.038	113	198.63	0.007 5
	一溴二氯甲烷	14.373	2 769	840.56	0.107 4
	溴仿	—	—	—	—
X河	氯仿	10.761	340 891	111 645.51	11.053 9
	二溴一氯甲烷	—	—	—	—
	一溴二氯甲烷	14.379	3174	956.62	0.123 1
	溴仿	—	—	—	—
注：—表示未检出。

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