铝冶炼行业危险废物产生和利用处置现状与管理对策建议

刘宏博; 郝雅琼; 吴昊; 田书磊; 黄启飞

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210110

铝冶炼行业危险废物产生和利用处置现状与管理对策建议

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210110

刘宏博^1,2,,
郝雅琼^1,2,*, ,,
吴昊^1,2,
田书磊^1,2,
黄启飞^1,2

1.
环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 中国环境科学研究院
2.
国家环境保护危险废物鉴别与风险控制重点实验室, 中国环境科学研究院

详细信息

作者简介:
刘宏博(1990—),女,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事固体废物利用处置研究,liu. hongbo@craes.org.cn

通讯作者:
郝雅琼 E-mail: yqhao2010@aliyun.com

中图分类号: X327,X758
计量
- 文章访问数: 361
- HTML全文浏览量: 129
- PDF下载量: 35
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-04-05
- 刊出日期: 2021-11-20

Present situation of production, utilization and disposal of hazardous waste in aluminium smelting industry and management countermeasures

LIU Hongbo^{1,2
,},
HAO Yaqiong^{1,2,*
, ,},
WU Hao^1,2,
TIAN Shulei^1,2,
HUANG Qifei^1,2

1.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
2.
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

More Information

Corresponding author: HAO Yaqiong E-mail: yqhao2010@aliyun.com

摘要

摘要: 随着我国铝冶炼行业的迅猛发展,每年会产生上百万吨炭渣、大修渣和铝灰等危险废物。为推进我国危险废物精细化管理,经过深度调研,梳理了当前我国铝冶炼行业危险废物产生工艺环节、污染特性、利用处置情况及管理现状;分析了当前铝冶炼行业危险废物利用处置现状,探讨了其环境管理面临的问题,尤其是利用处置先进适用技术以及污染控制标准缺乏,综合利用产品质量标准缺失等突出瓶颈问题;并从完善标准体系、优化利用处置技术等方面,提出铝冶炼行业危险废物污染防治建议,以期助力铝冶炼行业绿色健康发展。
- 铝冶炼 /
- 危险废物 /
- 利用处置 /
- 环境管理 /
- 污染防治
Abstract: With the rapid development of aluminium smelting industry in China, millions of tons of hazardous wastes such as carbon slag, overhaul slag and aluminum ash are generated every year. In order to promote the refined management of hazardous wastes in China, an in-depth research had been done, the current generation process link, pollution characteristics, utilization and disposal situation and management status of hazardous waste of aluminum smelting industry in China were combed, and the current problems in the utilization and disposal of hazardous waste and environmental management in the aluminum smelting industry were analyzed, especially the lack of hazardous waste advanced applicable utilization and disposal technologies, pollution control standards and comprehensive utilization product quality standards and other outstanding issues. From the aspect of improving the standard system, optimizing utilization and disposal technology, recommendations on the pollution prevention and control of aluminum smelting hazardous waste were put forward to help the green and healthy development of the aluminium metallurgy profession.
- aluminium metallurgy /
- hazardous waste /
- utilization and disposal /
- environmental management /
- pollution prevention and control

HTML全文

参考文献(30)

[1]	TSAKIRIDIS P E. Aluminium salt slag characterization and utilization:a review[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2012, 217/218:1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.03.052
[2]	国家统计局.中华人民共和国2019年国民经济和社会发展统计公报[J]. 中国统计, 2020(3):8-22.
[3]	内蒙古通辽:铝厂严重污染草原生态牧民多年维权无果[EB/OL]. 民主与法制网. (2016-08-15) [2021-03-18].http://www.mzyfz.com/html/1468/2016-08-15/content-1214655.html .
[4]	湖南桃源上铝加工项目致污染十余村民患癌去世[N/OL]. 中国新闻网. (2014-12-06)[2021-03-18]. https://www.chinanews.com/sh/2014/12-06/6851219.shtml .
[5]	广东广宁非法暴利铝灰厂污染千亩农田[EB/OL]. 新浪财经. (2011-04-25)[2021-03-18].http://finance.sina.com.cn/chanjing/cyxw/20110425/03119743808.shtml .
[6]	非法倾倒铝灰污染环境两男子分别获刑[EB/OL]. 中国法院网. (2018-01-04)[2021-03-18]. https://www.chinacourt.org/article/detail/2018/01/id/3145827.shtml .
[7]	中铝兰州公司被曝有毒危废堆山沟屡因环境污染被罚[EB/OL]. 新浪财经. (2017-12-18)[2021-03-18]. http://finance.sina.com.cn/china/gncj/2017-12-18/doc-ifyptfcn1584431.shtml .
[8]	李梦蛟. 铝冶炼行业主要危险废物的判别分析研究[J]. 环境科学与管理, 2014, 39(3):16-18. LI M J. Determination of hazardous waste in aluminum smelting industry[J]. Environmental Science and Management, 2014, 39(3):16-18.
[9]	HARALDSSON J, JOHANSSON M T. Review of measures for improved energy efficiency in production-related processes in the aluminium industry:from electrolysis to recycling[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2018, 93:525-548. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2018.05.043
[10]	XIE W M, ZHOU F P, LIU J Y, et al. Synergistic reutilization of red mud and spent pot lining for recovering valuable components and stabilizing harmful element[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, 243:118624. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118624
[11]	中国再生铝行业发展概况、市场供求情况、市场容量及影响行业发展的主要因素分析[J]. 资源再生, 2020(10):43-47. Overview of China’s secondary aluminum industry development[J]. Resource Recycling, 2020(10):43-47.
[12]	生态环境部. 《国家危险废物名录(2021年版)》[A/OL].(2020-11-27)[2021-03-18].http://www.mee.gov.cn/xxgk2018/xxgk/xxgk02/202011/t20201127_810202.html .
[13]	HOU W Y, LI H S, LI M, et al. Multi-physical field coupling numerical investigation of alumina dissolution[J]. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 2019, 67:588-604. doi: 10.1016/j.apm.2018.11.041
[14]	厉衡隆, 顾松青. 铝冶炼生产技术手册(下册)[M]. 北京: 冶金工业出版社, 2011.
[15]	康天宇. 铝灰处理与循环利用研究[D]. 沈阳:东北大学, 2011.
[16]	王海斌, 朱江凯, 李勇, 等. 电解铝大修渣的无害化处理研究进展[J]. 化工科技, 2020, 28(6):69-74. WANG H B, ZHU J K, LI Y, et al. Progress in the treatment of electrolytic aluminum spent pot lining[J]. Science & Technology in Chemical Industry, 2020, 28(6):69-74.
[17]	LIU F Q, XIE M Z, LIU W, et al. Footprint of harmful substances in spent pot lining of aluminum reduction cell[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2020, 30(7):1956-1963. doi: 10.1016/S1003-6326(20)65353-5
[18]	高宇. 电解铝工业危废处置技术现状与发展趋势[J]. 有色冶金设计与研究, 2019, 40(4):33-35. GAO Y. Current situation and development trend of hazardous waste disposal technology in electrolytic aluminum industry[J]. Nonferrous Metals Engineering & Research, 2019, 40(4):33-35.
[19]	LI H S, WANG J R, HOU W Y, et al. The study of carbon recovery from electrolysis aluminum carbon dust by froth flotation[J]. Metals, 2021, 11(1):145. doi: 10.3390/met11010145
[20]	温铝刚, 孙海璐, 李京彦. 宁夏青铜峡铝厂铝电解炭渣回收利用综合分析[J]. 内蒙古石油化工, 2019, 45(6):13-14. WEN L G, SUN H L, LI J Y. Synthetic analysis of the recovery and utilization for carbon slag from aluminium electrolysis in Qingtongxia Aluminum Plant in Ningxia[J]. Inner Mongolia Petrochemical Industry, 2019, 45(6):13-14.
[21]	张含博. 电解铝厂铝灰处理工艺现状及发展趋势[J]. 有色冶金节能, 2019, 35(2):11-15. ZHANG H B. Current status and development trend of treatment process of aluminum ash in electrolytic aluminum factory[J]. Energy Saving of Nonferrous Metallurgy, 2019, 35(2):11-15.
[22]	SHINZATO M C, HYPOLITO R. Solid waste from aluminum recycling process:characterization and reuse of its economically valuable constituents[J]. Waste Management, 2005, 25(1):37-46. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2004.08.005
[23]	李远兵, 孙莉, 赵雷, 等. 铝灰的综合利用[J]. 中国有色冶金, 2008, 37(6):63-67. LI Y B, SUN L, ZHAO L, et al. Utilization of aluminum ash[J]. China Nonferrous Metallurgy, 2008, 37(6):63-67.
[24]	焦占忠, 张凤炳, 赵刚. 铝灰的资源化利用前景广阔[J]. 资源再生, 2018(10):34-35. JIAO Z Z, ZHANG F B, ZHAO G. The prospect of resource utilization of aluminum ash is broad[J]. Resource Recycling, 2018(10):34-35.
[25]	王伟菁, 齐涛, 李永利, 等. 钛铝危废的资源化利用和无害化处理进展[J]. 矿产保护与利用, 2019, 39(3):28-36. WANG W J, QI T, LI Y L, et al. Progress in resource utilization and harmless treatment of titanium and aluminum hazardous wastes[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2019, 39(3):28-36.
[26]	LÓPEZ-DELGADO A, ROBLA J I, PADILLA I, et al. Zero-waste process for the transformation of a hazardous aluminum waste into a raw material to obtain zeolites[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, 255:120178. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120178
[27]	ZHANG J J, LIU B, ZHAO S Z, et al. Preparation and characterization of glass ceramic foams based on municipal solid waste incineration ashes using secondary aluminum ash as foaming agent[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2020, 262:120781. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120781
[28]	刘宏博, 吴昊, 田书磊, 等. “十四五”时期危险废物污染防治思路探讨[J]. 中国环境管理, 2020, 12(4):56-61. LIU H B, WU H, TIAN S L, et al. Discussion on the idea of prevention and control of hazardous waste pollution in the 14th Five-Year Plan Period[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Management, 2020, 12(4):56-61.
[29]	环境保护部. 铝工业发展循环经济环境保护导则:HJ 466—2009[S/OL].[2021-03-18].https://www.doc88.com/p-6893731133501.html .
[30]	工业和信息化部. 铝行业规范条件[A/OL].[2021-03-18].https://wap.miit.gov.cn/jgsj/ycls/ysjs/art/2020/art_991dfeccd2c54076af158152b941a846.html .