Practice of ecological protection and restoration of mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grassland based on connotation of ecosystem service theory: taking the pilot project of South-Taihang Area in Henan Province as an example
-
摘要: 科学实施山水林田湖草生态保护修复是生态文明建设的重要内容。将提升生态系统服务功能与山水林田湖草生态保护修复工程相结合,以国家第三批山水林田湖草生态保护修复试点项目——河南省南太行地区试点工程为例,探索以提高生态产品供给能力、维护生态安全为目标的南太行地区山水林田湖草生态保护与修复工程实践。地区区位特征及生态环境问题分析表明,南太行地区近年来生态系统服务价值整体呈下降趋势且生态环境破坏严重,许多矿山生态破坏和环境污染历史遗留问题亟待解决,生物多样性保护现状堪忧。以区域突出生态环境问题与主要生态功能定位为依据,按照“格局优化、系统稳定、功能提升”的目标,明确了南太行地区生态保护修复“一山一渠两流域”的总体布局与绩效目标,将其划分为5个生态功能区和7个工程治理区,根据不同功能区和治理区分别提出修复方案和工程治理措施。工程试点方案实施1年多,各项绩效目标完成进度较好,实现了生态效益、经济效益和社会效益的良好结合。Abstract: The scientific implementation of ecological protection and restoration of mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grassland (MRFFLG) is an important part of the construction of ecological civilization. It combines the improvement of ecosystem service functions with the ecological protection and restoration project of MRFFLG. The pilot project of South-Taihang Area in Henan Province, a third-batch national pilot project for ecological protection and restoration of MRFFLG, was taking as an example, and the practice of ecological protection and restoration projects in MRFFLG in South-Taihang Area to improve the supply capacity of ecological products and to maintain the ecological safety was initially explored. A comprehensive analysis of the location characteristics and eco-environmental problems of South-Taihang Area showed that the value of ecosystem services in South-Taihang Area had been declining in recent years and the eco-environment had been severely damaged. Many problems of ecological damage and environmental pollution left over by history from mines needed to be resolved urgently. The current status of biodiversity conservation was worrying. Based on the regional outstanding eco-environmental problems and the main ecological function orientation, and in accordance with the goal of “pattern optimization, system stabilization and function enhancement”, the overall layout and performance goals of ecological protection and restoration of “one mountain, one canal, and two watersheds” in South-Taihang Area were identified, which was divided into 5 ecological function areas and 7 engineering treatment areas. According to different functional areas and governance areas, the remediation plans and engineering treatment measures were proposed respectively. The project pilot program had been implemented for more than one year, and the progress to various performance targets had been relatively good, having achieved a good combination of ecological, economic and social benefits.
-
[1] 习近平. 关于《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》的说明[N]. 人民日报, 2013-11-16(001). [2] 中共中央 国务院印发《生态文明体制改革总体方案》[A/OL].( 2015-09-21)[2020-07-20]. http://www.gov.cn/guowuyuan/2015-09/21/content_2936327.htm. [3] 吴钢, 赵萌, 王辰星. 山水林田湖草生态保护修复的理论支撑体系研究[J]. 生态学报, 2019, 39(23):8685-8691.WU G, ZHAO M, WANG C X. Research on the theoretical support system of ecological protection and restoration of full-array ecosystems[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2019, 39(23):8685-8691. [4] 邹长新, 王燕, 王文林, 等. 山水林田湖草系统原理与生态保护修复研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2018, 34(11):961-967.ZOU C X, WANG Y, WANG W L, et al. Theory of mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grass system and ecological protection and restoration research[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2018, 34(11):961-967. [5] 刘世梁, 董玉红, 孙永秀, 等. 基于生态系统服务提升的山水林田湖草优先区分析:以贵州省为例[J]. 生态学报, 2019, 39(23):8957-8965.LIU S L, DONG Y H, SUN Y X, et al. Priority area of mountains-rivers-forests-farmlands-lakes-grasslands based on the improvement of ecosystem services:a case study of Guizhou Province[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2019, 39(23):8957-8965. [6] HOLDREN J P, EHRLICH P R. Human population and the global environment[J]. American Scientist, 1974, 62(3):282-292. [7] DAILY G C. Nature’s services:societal dependence on natural ecosystems.ecosystem services and their importance[M]. Washington DC: Island Press, 1997. [8] 欧阳志云, 王如松, 赵景柱. 生态系统服务功能及其生态经济价值评价[J]. 应用生态学报, 1999, 10(5):635-640.OUYANG Z Y, WANG R S, ZHAO J Z. Ecosystem services and their economic valuation[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 1999, 10(5):635-640. [9] 崔丽娟. 鄱阳湖湿地生态系统服务功能研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2004, 18(2):109-113.
doi: 10.5958/2455-7145.2019.00016.XCUI L J. Study on functions of Poyang Lake wetland ecosystem[J]. Journal of Soil Water Conservation, 2004, 18(2):109-113. doi: 10.5958/2455-7145.2019.00016.X[10] 殷格兰, 邵景安, 郭跃, 等. 林地资源变化对森林生态系统服务功能的影响:以南水北调核心水源地淅川县为例[J]. 生态学报, 2017, 37(20):6973-6985.YIN G L, SHAO J A, GUO Y, et al. Effects of forest resource changes on ecosystem function:a case study of Xichuan County,the main source of water for south-to-north water transfer in China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2017, 37(20):6973-6985. [11] 李潇, 吴克宁, 刘亚男, 等. 基于生态系统服务的山水林田湖草生态保护修复研究:以南太行地区鹤山区为例[J]. 生态学报, 2019, 39(23):8806-8816.LI X, WU K N, LIU Y N, et al. Ecological protection and restoration of mountains-rivers-forests-farmlands-lakes-grasslands based on ecosystem services-utilizing Heshan section of the south Taihang area as an example[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2019, 39(23):8806-8816. [12] 宇振荣, 杨新民, 陈雅杰. 河南省南太行地区山水林田湖草生态保护与修复[J]. 生态学报, 2019, 39(23):8886-8895.YU Z R, YANG X M, CHEN Y J. Ecological protection and restoration of mountains-rivers-forests-farmlands-lakes-grasslands in Nantaihang area,Henan Province:integrated landscape management[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2019, 39(23):8886-8895. [13] 冯伟林, 李树茁, 李聪. 生态系统服务与人类福祉:文献综述与分析框架[J]. 资源科学, 2013, 35(7):1482-1489.FENG W L, LI S Z, LI C. Overview and frame work for ecosystem services and human well-being[J]. Resources Science, 2013, 35(7):1482-1489. [14] 马泉来, 卫华鹏, 王小玉, 等. 河南省南太行地区土地利用及生态服务价值变化[J]. 水土保持通报, 2020, 40(5):234-241.MA Q L, WEI H P, WANG X Y, et al. Change of land use and ecosystem services value in South Taihang Area of He’nan Province[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2020, 40(5):234-241. [15] 张永福. 南太行地区生态环境问题的研究[J]. 工程建设与设计, 2019(20):104-105.ZHANG Y F. Study on ecological environment problems in south Taihang area[J]. Construction & Design for Engineering, 2019(20):104-105. [16] 郑州:河南省财政厅,河南省自然资源厅,河南省南太行地区山水林田湖草生态保护修复工程实施方案[R]. 郑州:河南省财政厅,河南省自然资源厅,河南省生态环境厅, 2019. [17] 王军, 钟莉娜. 生态系统服务理论与山水林田湖草生态保护修复的应用[J]. 生态学报, 2019, 39(23):8702-8708.WANG J, ZHONG L N. Application of ecosystem service theory for ecological protection and restoration of mountain-river-forest-field-lake-grassland[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2019, 39(23):8702-8708. [18] 王波, 王夏晖. 推动山水林田湖生态保护修复示范工程落地出成效:以河北围场县为例[J]. 环境与可持续发展, 2017, 42(4):11-14.WANG B, WANG X H. Promote the demonstration project of ecological protection and restoration of mountains,rivers,forests,farmland and lakes implementation and improve its effectiveness,based on Weichang County,Hebei Province[J]. Environment and Sustainable Development, 2017, 42(4):11-14. [19] 赵磊, 王创江. 黄土高原山水林田湖草生态保护修复项目研究[J]. 西部大开发(土地开发工程研究), 2018, 3(11):47-51. [20] 李杨帆, 向枝远, 杨奕, 等. 基于韧性理念的海岸带生态修复规划方法及应用[J]. 自然资源学报, 2020, 35(1):130-140.
doi: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20200112LI Y F, XIANG Z Y, YANG Y, et al. Application of ecological restoration and planning based on resilience thinking in coastal areas[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2020, 35(1):130-140. doi: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20200112[21] 习近平. 决胜全面建成小康社会 夺取新时代中国特色社会主义伟大胜利:在中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会上的报告(2017年10月18日)[N]. 人民日报, 2017-10-28(001). [22] 新华社. 习近平出席全国生态环境保护大会并发表重要讲话[N/OL].( 2018-05-19)[2020-07-19]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2018-05/19/content_5292116.htm. [23] 彭建, 吕丹娜, 董建权, 等. 过程耦合与空间集成:国土空间生态修复的景观生态学认知[J]. 自然资源学报, 2020, 35(1):3-13.
doi: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20200102PENG J, LÜ D N, DONG J Q, et al. Processes coupling and spatial integration:characterizing ecological restoration of territorial space in view of landscape ecology[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2020, 35(1):3-13. doi: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20200102[24] 刘春芳, 薛淑艳, 乌亚汗. 土地整治的生态环境效应:作用机制及应用路径[J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(2):685-693.LIU C F, XUE S Y, WU Y H. Ecological environmental effects of land consolidation:mechanism of action and application path[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 30(2):685-693. [25] 储昭升, 高思佳, 庞燕, 等. 洱海流域山水林田湖草各要素特征、存在问题及生态保护修复措施[J]. 环境工程技术学报, 2019, 9(5):507-514.CHU Z S, GAO S J, PANG Y, et al. Characteristics,problems and ecological protection and restoration measures of mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grassland elements in Lake Erhai Basin[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology, 2019, 9(5):507-514. [26] 张笑千, 王波, 王夏晖. 基于“山水林田湖草”系统治理理念的牧区生态保护与修复:以御道口牧场管理区为例[J]. 环境保护, 2018, 46(8):56-59.ZHANG X Q, WANG B, WANG X H. The realizing route of ecological safety in pastoral areas based on mountains,rivers,forest,farmland,lakes,and grassland systemic treatment:take Yudaokou pasture as an example[J]. Environmental Protection, 2018, 46(8):56-59. [27] 马晓勇, 赵娜, 刘树敏. 浅谈山西国土空间生态修复:以矿山生态修复为例[J]. 环境生态学, 2019, 1(4):49-53.MA X Y, ZHAO N, LIU S M. On the ecological restoration of geographical space in Shanxi Province:taking mine ecological restoration as an example[J]. Environmental Ecology, 2019, 1(4):49-53. [28] 王夏晖, 何军, 饶胜, 等. 山水林田湖草生态保护修复思路与实践[J]. 环境保护, 2018, 46(增刊1):17-20.WANG X H, HE J, RAO S, et al. Design of implementation path of ecological engineering for ecological protection and restoration of multi ecological elements[J]. Environmental Protection, 2018, 46(Suppl 1):17-20. [29] 朱振肖, 王夏晖, 张箫, 等. 湖北省长江三峡地区山水林田湖草生态保护修复实践探索与思考[J]. 环境工程技术学报, 2020, 10(5):769-778.ZHU Z X, WANG X H, ZHANG X, et al. Practice and thinking about the mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grassland ecological conservation and restoration in Three Gorges Area of the Yangtze River in Hubei Province[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology, 2020, 10(5):769-778. [30] 李春华, 叶春, 刘燕, 等. 山水林田湖草思想的理论内涵及生态保护修复实践:以广西左右江流域工程试点为例[J]. 环境工程技术学报, 2019, 9(5):499-506.LI C H, YE C, LIU Y, et al. The theoretical connotation of mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grassland thoughts and the practice of ecological protection and restoration:taking Guangxi Zuojiang-Youjiang River Basin pilot project as an example[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology, 2019, 9(5):499-506.
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 598
- HTML全文浏览量: 157
- PDF下载量: 175
- 被引次数: 0