辽河保护区水质时空分布特征及其影响因素

李明月; 钱锋; 李丹; 段亮

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20200104

辽河保护区水质时空分布特征及其影响因素

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20200104

李明月^1,2,,
钱锋^1,2,
李丹^1,2,
段亮^1,2,*, ,

1.
环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,中国环境科学研究院
2.
中国环境科学研究院水生态环境研究所

详细信息

作者简介:
李明月(1981—),女,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事水生态环境修复技术研究,limy@craes.org.cn

通讯作者:
段亮 E-mail: duanliang@craes.org.cn

中图分类号: X522
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-04-30
- 刊出日期: 2020-11-20

Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and influencing factors of water quality in Liaohe Conservation Area

LI Mingyue^{1,2
,},
QIAN Feng^1,2,
LI Dan^1,2,
DUAN Liang^{1,2,*
, ,}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
2.
Institute of Water Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

More Information

Corresponding author: DUAN Liang E-mail: duanliang@craes.org.cn

摘要

摘要: 辽河保护区自2010年划定后,其治理与保护由过去的多龙治水、分段管理、条块分割开始向统筹规划、集中治理、全面保护转变。通过对2006—2019年辽河干流8个断面水质监测数据的对比分析,探讨了辽河保护区划定前后水质与主要污染因子的时空分布特征及影响因素。结果表明:保护区划定后辽河干流水质大幅好转,全面消除了GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》劣Ⅴ类水质,水体化学需氧量(COD)与氨氮浓度明显下降,虽在2018年有所波动,但整体维持在Ⅲ类~Ⅳ类水质;空间分布上,保护区上游(铁岭段)水质最差,中游(沈阳段)略好,下游(鞍山及盘锦段)较差,主要污染物COD和氨氮浓度从上游到下游呈现先升高后降低再升高的变化趋势。保护区水污染治理及水环境管理“三大工程”“三大战役”的有效实施对水质改善起到了重要作用,上游的农业面源污染以及下游生活污水、工业废水的排入是造成保护区水质及污染物空间分布差异性的主要原因。
- 辽河保护区 /
- 水质 /
- 时空分布 /
- 影响因素
Abstract: Since the establishment of Liaohe Conservation Area in 2010, its governance and protection has changed from multi-department water control, section-by-section management and segmentation of trap and block to overall planning, centralized management and comprehensive protection. Based on the comparative analysis of water quality monitoring data of 8 sections in Liaohe main stream from 2006 to 2019, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of water quality and main pollutants before and after the establishment of Liaohe Conservation Area were discussed. The results indicated that the water quality of the main stream of Liaohe River had been greatly improved ever since designation of the protection zone, and the water quality inferior to Class Ⅴ of Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water(GB 3838-2002)had been completely eliminated. The concentrations of COD and NH₃-N decreased significantly, and the water quality of the whole Liaohe River remained at Class Ⅲ-Ⅳ, although they fluctuated in 2018. In terms of spatial distribution, the water quality in the upper reaches of the reserve (Tieling section) was the worst, the middle reaches (Shenyang section) was slightly better, and the lower reaches (Anshan and Panjin sections) became worse. From upstream to downstream, the concentrations of main pollutants COD and NH₃-N increased firstly, then decreased and then increased. The effective implementation of water pollution control and water environment management of "three major projects" and "three campaigns" in Liaohe Conservation Area had played an important role in improving the water quality. The agricultural non-point source pollution in the upstream and the discharge of domestic sewage and industrial sewage in the downstream were the main factors for the spatial difference of water quality and pollutants in Liaohe Conservation Area.
- Liaohe Conservation Area /
- water quality /
- temporal and spatial distribution /
- influencing factors

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