机动车低排放区政策环境效益分析及经验启示

曹西子; 刘杰; 许康利; 崔阳阳; 薛亦峰

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20200018

机动车低排放区政策环境效益分析及经验启示

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20200018

曹西子^1,,
刘杰^1,2,
许康利¹,
崔阳阳¹,
薛亦峰^1,*, ,

1.
国家城市环境污染控制工程技术研究中心,北京市环境保护科学研究院
2.
首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院

详细信息

作者简介:
曹西子(1994—),女,硕士,研究方向为大气污染防治,caoxizi@cee.cn

通讯作者:
薛亦峰 E-mail: xueyifeng@cee.cn

中图分类号: X51
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-02-14
- 刊出日期: 2020-11-20

Environmental benefit analysis and policy implications of motor vehicles low-emission zones

CAO Xizi^1
,,
LIU Jie^1,2,
XU Kangli¹,
CUI Yangyang¹,
XUE Yifeng^{1,*
, ,}

1.
National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection
2.
College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University

More Information

Corresponding author: XUE Yifeng E-mail: xueyifeng@cee.cn

摘要

摘要: 通过对比分析国内外城市机动车低排放区实施案例,评估其对空气质量改善的效果并总结其存在的问题,形成对未来进一步实施机动车低排放区政策的改进建议。结果表明:欧洲城市实施机动车低排放区政策有效减少了区域内机动车大气污染物的排放,PM₁₀、NO_x减排量分别达1.9%~40.0%和2.4%~31.0%,交通拥堵得到缓解,区域空气质量得到有效改善;国内城市通过划定高排放机动车限行区促进了机动车车辆结构调整和优化,对于机动车污染减排起到积极作用。机动车低排放区政策涉及民生、路权等问题,需要有相应的法律支撑并平衡社会经济发展、生态环境保护之间的关系。对于未来政策的制定,建议进行环境质量敏感性分析,严格筛选和设置限行区域;区分机动车属性(经营或民用)和类型(燃料类型、排放标准等级等),重点限制排放量高、使用强度大的经营性机动车,减少对民用机动车的限制,提高政策的针对性和有效性。
- 低排放区 /
- 大气污染 /
- 机动车 /
- 经验启示 /
- 控制措施
Abstract: By contrastive analyzing the implementation cases of low-emission zones at home and abroad, the effect of the improvement of air quality was evaluated, the existing problems were summarized, and the suggestions for further implementing the policy of motor vehicle low-emission zones were proposed. The research results showed that the implementation of the policy of low-emission zones for motor vehicles in European cities had effectively reduced the local air pollutants emissions from motor vehicles in the region, with PM₁₀ and NO_x emissions reductions by 1.9%-40.0% and 2.4%-31.0%, respectively. It also benefitted for the mitigation of traffic congestion and the improvement of regional air quality. Domestic cities had promoted the adjustment and optimization of the structure of motor vehicles through delimiting high emission motor vehicle restricted zones, which played a positive role in motor vehicle air pollutants reduction. Motor vehicle low-emission zone policy involved important issues such as residential livelihood and the right of roads, which required corresponding legal support and balancing the relationship between social-economic development and environmental protection. As for implication for future policies, it was recommended to carry out environmental quality sensitivity analysis, strictly select and set up restricted areas, distinguish motor vehicle attributes (commercial or civilian) and types (fuel types or emission standard grades, etc.), and concentrate on limiting the commercial vehicles of high emission intensity and high use intensity, reducing the restrictions on civilian motor vehicles, and improving the pertinence and effectiveness of the policy.
- low-emission zone /
- air pollution /
- motor vehicle /
- policy implication /
- control measure

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