廊坊市雾、霾分布概况及与重污染天气共存时的风场差异

许敏; 李江波; 周玉都; 张绍恢

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20200001

廊坊市雾、霾分布概况及与重污染天气共存时的风场差异

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20200001

1.
河北省廊坊市气象局
2.
河北省气象台

详细信息

作者简介:
许敏(1983—),女,高级工程师,主要从事天气预报与决策服务工作,hblfxm@163.com

中图分类号: X51
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- 文章访问数: 385
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-01-02
- 刊出日期: 2020-09-20

Distribution of fog and haze in Langfang and difference of wind field when coexisting with heavy polluted weather

1.
Langfang Meteorological Service, Hebei Province
2.
Hebei Meteorological Observatory

摘要

摘要: 综合运用美国国家环境预报中心(NCEP)再分析资料(1°×1°)、风廓线雷达、气象观测资料以及环境监测数据,分析了2015—2018年冀中廊坊市的雾、霾分布概况,并对空气质量指数(AQI)达到重度污染以上时的雾、霾垂直风场结构进行深入探究。结果表明:廊坊市的年均霾日数(47 d)多于雾日数(31 d),空间分布存在一定差异,霾的月差异较雾显著;区域性雾全年均可发生,10月雾发生日数达到最多,霾集中于秋冬季爆发,1月霾发生日数最多;当AQI超过200时,出现雾时的污染程度较出现霾时严重,AQI日均值平均偏高43,地面平均风速偏小0.5 m/s,相对湿度偏高25%,雾时地面以静风或东南风为主,而霾时多为东南偏东风;伴随雾的重污染天气,低空多为西南偏西风,而伴随霾的重污染天气,低空以东北风为主;出现雾或霾时,1 500 m(约850 hPa)以下低空均存在一个相对小风速层;3 000 m以下风速增至6~10 m/s时对空气中污染物扩散有一定有利影响,西北风风速越大,所在高度越低,扩散作用越明显。
- 雾 /
- 霾 /
- 重污染天气 /
- 风场特征 /
- 扩散作用
Abstract: By using National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data(1°×1°),wind profiler radar data, meteorological observation data, and environmental monitoring data, fog and haze distribution of Langfang from 2015 to 2018 were analyzed, and vertical wind field structure in fog and haze of air quality index (AQI) reaching heavy pollution was studied in depth. The results showed that the average annual number of haze days (47 d) in Langfang was more than that of fog days (31 d), and the spatial distribution was different to some extent. The monthly difference of haze was more significant than that of fog. Regional fog could occur all year round, reaching the peak in October, while haze was concentrated in autumn and winter, and the maximum number of haze days was in January. When AQI was greater than 200, the pollution level of fog was heavier than that of haze, with AQI daily average being 43 higher, the average surface wind speed 0.5 m/s lower, and the relative humidity about twenty-five percent higher. In fog, the surface wind was mainly calm or southeast wind, while in haze, it was mainly east-southeast wind. In the case of heavy pollution with fog, the low altitude was the west-southwest wind, while the heavy pollution with haze was mainly the northeast wind. In the case of fog or haze, there was a relatively small wind velocity layer in the lower space of 1 500 m (about 850 hPa).When the wind speed increased to 6-10 m/s below 3 000 m, it had a favorable effect on the diffusion of air pollutants. The greater the wind speed of the northwest wind, the lower the height, the more obvious the diffusion effect.
- fog /
- haze /
- heavy pollution weather /
- wind field characteristics /
- diffusion

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