衡水湖底泥重金属污染特征及生态风险评价

刘利; 张嘉雯; 陈奋飞; 盛晟; 田自强; 王俭

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20190126

衡水湖底泥重金属污染特征及生态风险评价

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20190126

刘利¹,
张嘉雯^1,2,
陈奋飞³,
盛晟³,
田自强²,
王俭^1,*, ,

^1. 辽宁大学环境学院
^2. 中国环境科学研究院水环境管理研究室
^3. 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司

详细信息

作者简介:
刘利(1981—),男,讲师,博士,主要从事流域水环境治理技术研究,liul215@163.com

通讯作者:
王俭 E-mail: lnuwangjian@163.com

中图分类号: X524
计量
- 文章访问数: 604
- HTML全文浏览量: 161
- PDF下载量: 179
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-07-21
- 刊出日期: 2020-03-20

Pollution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in the sediment of Hengshui Lake

^1. College of Environmental Sciences, Liaoning University
^2. Water Environmental Management and Research Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
^3. POWERCHINA Huadong Engineering Co., Ltd.

More Information

Corresponding author: Jian WANG E-mail: lnuwangjian@163.com

摘要

摘要: 在衡水湖设置了11个采样点,分析底泥中重金属Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Pb、Mn、Co、Sb、Tl的浓度,运用地累积指数法、潜在生态风险指数法对重金属污染程度进行评价,采用SPSS软件进行Pearson相关性分析。结果表明:除Cd和Co外,衡水湖底泥中其他重金属浓度平均值均低于河北省A层土壤背景值,其中Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、As和Pb浓度在各采样点均低于GB 15618—2018《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》中农用地土壤风险筛选值,Sb、Co浓度在各采样点均低于GB 36600—2018《土壤环境质量建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》中建设用地土壤风险管制值,Cd浓度有8个采样点超过GB 15618—2018的农用地土壤风险筛选值,1个采样点高于GB 36600—2018的建设用地土壤风险管制值;地累积指数法评价结果表明,底泥中Cd总体为偏中度污染,Co总体为轻度污染,而Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Pb、Mn、Sb和Tl可视为无污染;潜在生态风险指数评价结果表明,衡水湖底泥中重金属RI平均值为270.79,属于中等生态危害,底泥中各重金属对衡水湖生态风险贡献率为Cd>>Co>As>Sb≈Pb>Cu>Ni>Cr>Mn≈Zn,其中Cd对RI的贡献率高达91%,是主要的污染因子,Cd污染可能是引黄河水入湖和人类活动等原因造成的。
- 衡水湖 /
- 重金属 /
- 分布特征 /
- 地累积指数 /
- 潜在生态风险指数
Abstract: Eleven sampling points were set in Hengshui Lake to analyze the concentration distribution of heavy metals including Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, Mn, Co, Sb and Tl in sediment. The degree of heavy metal pollution was evaluated by the method of geo-accumulation index and potential ecological risk assessment index. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted by SPSS. The results showed that the average concentrations of other heavy metals in the sediment of Hengshui Lake were lower than the background value of Layer A soil in Hebei Province except for Cd and Co. The concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As and Pb at each sampling point were lower than the soil risk screening values of agricultural land in Soil Environmental Quality, Agricultural Land Risk Control Standards for Soil Contamination (Trial) (GB 15618-2018). Sb and Co were lower than the soil risk control values of construction land in Soil Environmental Quality, Construction Land Risk Control Standards for Soil Contamination (Trial) (GB 36600-2018). There were 8 sampling points of Cd whose concentration exceeded the agricultural land risk screening value of GB 15618-2018, and 1 point was higher than the construction land risk control value of GB 36600-2018. The evaluation results of the geo-accumulation index method showed that Cd was generally moderately polluted, Co was generally mildly polluted, and the nine heavy metals of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Pb, Mn, Sb and Tl could be regarded as non-polluted. The results of potential ecological risk index evaluation indicated that the impact degree of each pollutant on the ecological risk of Hengshui Lake was Cd>>Co>As>Sb≈Pb>Cu>Ni>Cr>Mn≈Zn. The RI average value was 270.79, which was a medium ecological hazard. However, the contribution rate of Cd to RI was as high as 91%, which was the main pollution factor. Cd pollution was possibly caused by Yellow River water diversion into the lake and other human activities.
- Hengshui Lake /
- heavy metal /
- distribution characteristic /
- geo-accumulation /
- potential ecological risk index

HTML全文

参考文献(31)

[1]	郭晶, 李利强, 黄代中 , 等. 洞庭湖表层水和底泥中重金属污染状况及其变化趋势[J]. 环境科学研究, 2016,29(1):44-51. GUO J, LI L Q, HUANG D Z , et al. Assessment of heavy metal pollution in surface water and sediment of Dongting Lake[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2016,29(1):44-51.
[2]	张清华, 韦永着, 曹建华 , 等. 柳江流域饮用水源地重金属污染与健康风险评价[J]. 环境科学, 2018,39(4):1598-1607. ZHANG Q H, WEI Y Z, CAO J H , et al. Heavy metal pollution of the drinking water sources in the Liujiang River Basin,and related health risk assessments[J]. Environmental Science, 2018,39(4):1598-1607.
[3]	BILALI L E, RASMUSSEN P E, HALL G E M , et al. Role of sediment composition in trace metal distribution in lake sediments[J]. Applied Geochemistry, 2002,17:1171-1181.
[4]	ROTHWELL J J, EVANS M G, ALLOTT T E H . Sediment-water interactions in an eroded and heavy metal contaminated peatland catchment,Southern Pennines,UK[J]. Water,Air and Soil Pollution:Focus, 2006,6(5∕6):669-676.
[5]	许振成, 杨晓云, 温勇 , 等. 北江中上游底泥重金属污染及其潜在生态危害评价[J]. 环境科学, 2009,30(11):3262-3268. XU Z C, YANG X Y, WEN Y , et al. Evaluation of the heavy metals contamination and its potential ecological risk of the sediments in Beijiang River's upper and middle reaches[J]. Environmental Science, 2009,30(11):3262-3268.
[6]	SIN S N, CHUA H, LO W , et al. Assessment of heavy metal cations in sediments of Shing Mun River,Hong Kong[J]. Environment International, 2001,26(5):297-301.
[7]	李春晖, 郑小康, 崔嵬 , 等. 衡水湖流域生态系统健康评价[J]. 地理研究, 2008(3):565-573. LI C H, ZHENG X K, CUI W , et al. Watershed eco-health assessment of Hengshui Lake[J]. Geographical Research, 2008(3):565-573.
[8]	LIANG C, LI X W, ZHUGE H J . The analysis and evaluation of wetland restoration scenarios in the Hengshui Lake National Nature Reserve,Hebei,China[J]. Advanced Materials Research, 2013,864∕865∕866∕867:1121-1127.
[9]	张曼胤, 崔丽娟, 盛连喜 , 等. 衡水湖湿地底泥重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价[J]. 湿地科学, 2007(4):362-369. ZHANG M Y, CUI L J, SHENG L X , et al. Pollution and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in the Hengshuihu Wetland[J]. Wetland Science, 2007(4):362-369.
[10]	衡水市城市总体规划:2016—2030年[R]. 石家庄:河北省城乡规划设计研究院, 2016.
[11]	环境保护部. 土壤和沉积物12种金属元素的测定王水提取-电感耦合等离子体质谱法:HJ 803—2016[S]. 北京:中国环境出版社 2016.
[12]	国家环境保护总局. 土壤质量总汞的测定冷原子吸收分光光度法:GB∕T 17136—1997[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社 1997.
[13]	国家环境保护总局. 危险废物鉴别标准浸出毒性鉴别:GB 5085.3—2007[S]. 北京:中国环境科学出版社 2007.
[14]	MULLER G . Index of geoaccumulation in sediments of the Rhine River[J]. GeoJounal, 1969,2(3):109-118.
[15]	中国环境检测总站. 中国土壤元素背景值[M]. 北京:中国环境科学出版社 1990.
[16]	弓晓峰, 陈春丽, 周文斌 , 等. 鄱阳湖底泥中重金属污染现状评价[J]. 环境科学, 2006,27(4):732-736. GONG X F, CHEN C L, ZHOU W B , et al. Assessment on heavy metal pollution in the sediment of Poyang Lake[J]. Environmental Science, 2006,27(4):732-736.
[17]	HAKANSON L . An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control:a sedimentological approach[J]. Water Research, 1980,14:975-1001.
[18]	高秋生, 田自强, 焦立新 , 等. 白洋淀重金属污染特征与生态风险评价[J]. 环境工程技术学报, 2019,9(1):66-75. GAO Q S, TIAN Z Q, JIAO L X , et al. Pollution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in Baiyangdian Lake[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology, 2019,9(1):66-75.
[19]	徐争启, 倪师军, 庹先国 , 等. 潜在生态危害指数法评价中重金属毒性系数计算[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2008(2):112-115. XU Z Q, NI S J, TUO X G , et al. Calculation of heavy metals’ toxicity coefficient in the evaluation of potential ecological risk index[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2008(2):112-115.
[20]	生态环境部. 土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行):GB 15618—2018[S]. 北京:中国环境出版社 2018.
[21]	生态环境部. 土壤环境质量建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行):GB 36600—2018[S].北京:中国环境出版社 2018.
[22]	张浩, 户超 . 引黄调水对衡水湖湿地水质水量影响研究[J]. 人民黄河, 2012,34(10):86-88. ZHANG H, HU C . Study on the impact of water quality and quantity of Hengshui Lake wetland after water diversion from the Yellow River[J]. Yellow River, 2012,34(10):86-88.
[23]	李华栋, 宋颖, 王倩倩 , 等. 黄河山东段水体重金属特征及生态风险评价[J]. 人民黄河, 2019,41(4):51-57. LI H D, SONG Y, WANG Q Q , et al. Contents and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in Shandong section of the Yellow River[J]. Yellow River, 2019,41(4):51-57.
[24]	MA X L, ZUO H, TIAN M J , et al. Assessment of heavy metals contamination in sediments from three adjacent regions of the Yellow River using metal chemical fractions and multivariate analysis techniques[J]. Chemosphere, 2015,144:64-72.
[25]	宋颖, 李华栋, 时文博 , 等. 黄河三角洲湿地重金属污染生态风险评价[J]. 环境保护科学, 2018,44(5):118-122. SONG Y, LI H D, SHI W B , et al. Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in the wetland of the Yellow River Delta[J]. Environmental Protection Science, 2018,44(5):118-122.
[26]	阳金希, 张彦峰, 祝凌燕 . 中国七大水系底泥中典型重金属生态风险评估[J]. 环境科学研究, 2017,30(3):423-432. YANG J X, ZHANG Y F, ZHU L Y . Pollution and risk assessment of typical heavy metals in river sediments of seven major watersheds in China[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2017,30(3):423-432.
[27]	张秋卓, 魏琰, 戴炜 , 等. 水生植物与微生物对含镉水体修复效果的比较[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2018,41(增刊1):166-171. ZHANG Q Z, WEI Y, DAI W , et al. Comparison of cadmium remediation in water body by representative aquatic plant and microbe[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2018,41(Suppl 1):166-171.
[28]	谢洪科, 邹朝晖, 彭选明 , 等. 重金属钴污染土壤的修复研究进展[J]. 现代农业科技, 2013(7):222-223. XIE H K, ZOU Z H, PENG X M , et al. Research progress on remediation of heavy metal polluted soil by cobalt[J]. Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, 2013(7):222-223.
[29]	张文慧, 许秋瑾, 胡小贞 , 等. 山美水库底泥重金属污染状况及风险评价[J]. 环境科学研究, 2016,29(7):1006-1013. ZHANG W H, XU Q J, HU X Z , et al. Pollution and potential ecological risks of heavy metals in sediment of Shanmei Reservoir[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2016,29(7):1006-1013.
[30]	王乃姗, 张曼胤, 崔丽娟 , 等. 河北衡水湖湿地汞污染现状及生态风险评价[J]. 环境科学, 2016,37(5):1754-1762. WANG N S, ZHANG M Y, CUI L J , et al. Contamination and ecological risk assessment of mercury in Hengshuihu Wetland,Hebei Province[J]. Environmental Science, 2016,37(5):1754-1762.
[31]	刘振杰 . 河北衡水湖湿地水环境分析及综合防治对策[D]. 北京:中国农业大学, 2005.