生态文明背景下洱海流域水环境管理政策评估

赵艳芳; 项颂; 庞燕

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.2019.07.150

生态文明背景下洱海流域水环境管理政策评估

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.2019.07.150

湖泊水污染治理与生态修复技术国家工程实验室,中国环境科学研究院,北京 100012

详细信息

作者简介:
赵艳芳(1992—),女,助理研究员,主要研究方向为水体污染控制与治理, 15735175407@163.com

通讯作者:
庞燕 E-mail: 1900687492@qq.com

中图分类号: X32
计量
- 文章访问数: 393
- HTML全文浏览量: 124
- PDF下载量: 128
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-04-02
- 刊出日期: 2019-11-20

Assessment of water environmental management policy in Lake Erhai Basin under the background of ecological civilization

National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China

More Information

Corresponding author: Yan PANG E-mail: 1900687492@qq.com

摘要

摘要: 梳理了生态文明背景下洱海流域水环境管理政策体系,包含水资源空间开发与保护、水资源有偿使用和生态补偿、水环境治理和市场保护、绩效考核与责任追究四大类共20项政策。采用指标评估法对政策制定阶段和执行阶段的效力进行评估,并分析政策体系存在的问题。结果表明:20项政策中,70%的政策设置了阶段性目标,近85%的政策经省委省政府审议通过,50%左右的政策需在考核问责方面进一步完善,50%的政策需调整现行法律法规,60%的政策需在管理体制方面做出调整;目前,洱海流域政策体系存在政策制定不够完善,各项政策进展程度差异较大,部分政策有待出台执行,考核机制不够完善,流域水环境监测预警管理水平有待提高等问题。有针对性地提出了完善政策制定的内容与原则,提高政策的科学性,加快生态文明新政策出台,进一步调整现行法律法规,健全考核机制和提升流域监测预警能力及管理水平等相关建议。
- 生态文明 /
- 水环境管理 /
- 政策评估 /
- 洱海流域
Abstract: The policy system of water environmental management in Lake Erhai Basin was sorted out, which included four categories: water resources spatial development and protection, paid use of water resources and ecological compensation, water environmental management and protection market, performance appraisal and accountability investigation, totaling 20 policies. The effectiveness of policy formulation and implementation was assessed by index evaluation method, and the existing problems of the policy system were also analyzed. The evaluation results showed that among the 20 policies, 70% of the policies had phased objectives, nearly 85% of the policies had been considered and adopted by provincial governments of provincial committees and commissions, 50% of the policies needed to be further improved in terms of evaluation, 50% of the existing laws needed to be adjusted to existing laws and regulations, and 60% of the relevant policies needed to be adjusted in the management system. The policy system of Lake Erhai Basin still had some problems, e.g. the policy system was not perfect, the progress of each policy was quite different, some new policies needed to be published, the assessment mechanism was not perfect enough, and the monitoring and warning management level of water environment in the basin needed to be improved. Finally, it was suggested to improve the contents and principles of policy making, improve the scientificity of policy making, speed up introduction of the new policies of ecological civilization, further adjust the existing laws and regulations, perfect the assessment mechanism, and promote the monitoring and early warning capability and management level of the basin.
- ecological civilization /
- water environmental management /
- policy evaluation /
- Lake Erhai Basin

HTML全文

参考文献(17)

[1]	赵其国, 黄国勤, 马艳芹 . 中国生态环境状况与生态文明建设[J]. 生态学报, 2016,36(19):6328-6335. doi: 10.5846/stxb201410081968 ZHAO Q G, HUANG G Q, MA Y Q . The ecological environment conditions and construction of an ecological civilization in China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2016,36(19):6328-6335. doi: 10.5846/stxb201410081968
[2]	中共中央国务院印发《生态文明体制改革总体方案》[A/OL].( 2015-09-21)[2019-03-06].
[3]	董战峰, 李红祥, 葛察忠 , 等. 生态文明体制改革宏观思路及框架分析[J]. 环境保护, 2015,43(19):15-19. DONG Z F, LI H X, GE C Z , et al. Macro-thought and framework analysis of the of the ecological civilization reformation[J]. Environment Protection, 2015,43(19):15-19.
[4]	宋国君, 马中, 姜妮 . 环境政策评估及对中国环境保护的意义[J]. 环境保护, 2003(12):34-37. SONG G J, MA Z, JIANG N . Environmental policy assessment and its significance on environmental protection in China[J]. Environmental Protection, 2003(12):34-37.
[5]	李香云 . 水生态文明度体系框架探讨[J]. 水利发展研究, 2015,15(6):1-7.
[6]	周燕, 朱晓东, 尹荣尧 , 等. 太湖流域水环境长效管理研究[J]. 环境保护科学, 2010,36(3):84-85. ZHOU Y, ZHU X D, YIN R Y , et al. Study on long-term effective management of water environment for Taihu Lake Basin[J]. Environmental Protection Science, 2010,36(3):84-85.
[7]	王亚华, 吴丹 . 流域地方政府水环境管理责任机制设计[J]. 环境保护, 2012(18):38-41.
[8]	周燕, 吴俊锋, 任晓鸣 , 等. 江苏省水环境管理政策法规现状及对策研究[J]. 环境科技, 2015,28(3):64-67. ZHOU Y, WU J F, REN X M , et al. Research on status and countermeasure of water environment management policies and regulations in Jiangsu Province[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2015,28(3):64-67.
[9]	宋国君, 金书秦 . 淮河流域水环境保护政策评估[J]. 环境污染与防治, 2008,30(4):78-82. SONF G J, JIN S Q . Evaluation on the policies for water environmental protection in Huai River Basin[J]. Environmental Pollution & Control, 2008,30(4):78-82.
[10]	汪小勇, 万玉秋, 姜文 , 等. 中国跨界水污染冲突环境政策分析[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2011,21(3):25-29. WANG X Y, WAN Y Q, JIANG W , et al. Analysis on environmental policies of trans-boundary water pollution conflict in China[J]. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2011,21(3):25-29.
[11]	吴满昌, 杨永宏 . 洱海流域水环境政策的发展[J]. 昆明理工大学学报(社会科学版), 2009,9(3):1-4. WU M C, YANG Y H . Development on water environment policy of Erhai Drainage[J]. Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology (Social Sciences), 2009,9(3):1-4.
[12]	杨桂山, 于秀波, 李恒鹏 , 等. 流域综合管理导论[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2004.
[13]	陈庆云 . 公共政策分析[M]. 2版.北京: 北京大学出版社, 2011.
[14]	黄婷婷, 苑芷茜, 惠婷婷 , 等. 基于层次分析法的流域水环境管理能力评价指标体系权重的确定[J]. 环境保护与循环经济, 2016,36(11):66-69.
[15]	WANG J N, DONG Z R, LIAO W G , et al. An environmental flow assessment method based on the relationships between flow and ecological response:a case study of the Three Gorges Reservoir and its downstream reach[J]. Science China (Technological Sciences), 2013,56(6):1471-1484.
[16]	LIN J . Integrated model system for environmental policy analysis[J]. Environmental Science, 2006,27(5):1035-1040.
[17]	张丛林, 乔海娟, 王毅 , 等. 生态文明背景下流域/跨区域水环境管理政策评估[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2018,28(7):76-84. ZHANG C L, QIAO H J, WANG Y , et al. Evaluation on the watershed/cross-regional water environment management policies under the background of ecological civilization[J]. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2018,28(7):76-84.