洱海西部入湖河流白鹤溪主要污染物时空变化特征分析

代丹; 葛俊; 胡小贞; 雷坤; 庞燕; 孔欣; 管鹤卿

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.2018.12.210

洱海西部入湖河流白鹤溪主要污染物时空变化特征分析

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.2018.12.210

代丹^1,2,
葛俊²,
胡小贞²,
雷坤²,
庞燕^2,,
孔欣^2,,
管鹤卿³

^1. 北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京 100875
^2. 中国环境科学研究院,北京 100012
^3. 生态环境部环境规划院,北京 100012

详细信息

作者简介:
代丹(1990—),女,博士研究生,研究方向为水环境承载力, daidan0410@126.com;

中图分类号: X522
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-07-11
- 刊出日期: 2019-03-20

Temporal and spatial variation of main pollutants in Baihexi River,the western inflow river of Erhai Lake

^1. College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
^2. Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
^3. Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China

摘要

摘要: 为识别入湖河流对洱海水质的影响,2013年9月—2014年8月对洱海西部入湖河流白鹤溪进行了为期1 a的水质监测,研究其主要污染物时空变化特征,估算污染物的入湖负荷量并解析其来源。结果表明:白鹤溪上游区和中游区水质较好,平均为GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅲ类水质,下游区和入湖区水质较差,为Ⅳ类水质;白鹤溪COD_Mn〔(5.10±1.38)mg/L〕、N $H 4 +$ -N浓度〔(0.87±0.76)mg/L〕较低,TN浓度〔(2.81±1.24)mg/L〕、TP浓度〔(0.26±0.12)mg/L〕较高,TN和TP是水质污染的主要指标。白鹤溪主要污染物7—10月入湖负荷量最高,占全年入湖负荷总量的70%左右;其次是12月—翌年2月,占全年入湖负荷总量的18%左右。雨季白鹤溪COD_Mn、N $O 3 -$ -N浓度显著高于旱季(P<0.05),而N $H 4 +$ -N、TN和TP浓度雨季与旱季没有显著差异,说明COD_Mn、N $O 3 -$ -N主要来自非点源污染,而N $H 4 +$ -N、TN和TP主要来自点源和非点源污染的共同输入。
- 入湖河流 /
- 污染负荷 /
- 时空变化 /
- 白鹤溪 /
- 洱海
Abstract: To explore the impacts of the inflow rivers on the water quality of Erhai Lake, a continuous survey of water quality for the Baihexi River, the inflow river of west Erhai Lake, was carried out from September 2013 to August 2014. The spatial and temporal variations of the pollutant concentrations and sources were studied, the pollutant loads into the lake estimated, and their main sources analyzed. The results indicated that the water quality of the upstream and the midstream of the Baihexi River were relatively good, with an average of Grade Ⅲ (Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB 3838-2002)); followed by the estuary and downstream regions, which were in Grade Ⅳ. The COD_Mn ((5.10±1.38)mg/L) and concentration of N $H 4 +$ -N ((0.87±0.76)mg/L) in Baihexi River was relatively low, while the concentration of TN ((2.81±1.24)mg/L) and TP ((0.26±0.12)mg/L) was high, TN and TP are the main indicators of water pollution. The main pollutant loads were the highest during July to October, accounting for about 70% of the total annual pollutant loads, followed by December to February, accounting for 18% or so, and the pollutant loads were relatively low in other months. The COD_Mn and N $O 3 -$ -N concentrations in the wet season were obviously higher than those in the dry season (P<0.05), while the concentrations of N $H 4 +$ -N, TN and TP in the wet season had no significant difference with those in the dry season. These indicated that COD_Mn and N $O 3 -$ -N mainly derived from non-point sources, while N $H 4 +$ -N, TN and TP were affected by both point sources and non-point sources.
- inflow river /
- pollutant /
- spatial variation /
- Baihexi River /
- Erhai Lake

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