北京市密云水库上游土壤和沉积物重金属污染程度及风险评价

潘丽波; 乌日罕; 王磊; 王玥; 方广玲; 苏本营; 王思雨; 香宝

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.2018.11.261

北京市密云水库上游土壤和沉积物重金属污染程度及风险评价

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.2018.11.261

潘丽波¹,
乌日罕^1,2,
王磊¹,
王玥¹,
方广玲¹,
苏本营¹,
王思雨³,
香宝^1,, ,

^1. 中国环境科学研究院农村环境研究中心,北京 100012
^2. 内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特 010022
^3. 生态环境部信息中心,北京 100029

详细信息

作者简介:
潘丽波(1987—),女,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向为土壤环境与健康, panlibo@craes.org.cn

通讯作者:
香宝 E-mail: xiangbao@craes.org.cn

中图分类号: X524
计量
- 文章访问数: 492
- HTML全文浏览量: 134
- PDF下载量: 184
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-09-19
- 刊出日期: 2019-05-20

Heavy metal pollution levels and risk assessment of soils and sediments in the upstream of Miyun Reservoir, Beijing

^1. Rural Environmental Research Center, Chinese Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
^2. Academy of Geography, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
^3. Information Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100029, China

More Information

Corresponding author: Bao XIANG E-mail: xiangbao@craes.org.cn

摘要

摘要: 对北京市密云水库上游潮河和白马关河流域土壤及沉积物中重金属(Cd、Cr、As、Pb、Cu和Zn)的污染程度、生态风险和人群健康风险进行了研究与评价。结果表明:潮河和白马关河流域土壤和沉积物中重金属浓度均未超过GB 15618—2018《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准》,但超过了北京市土壤背景值,其中以Cd累积程度最重,土壤和沉积物中的Cd浓度分别是北京市土壤背景值的2.64和3.40倍,Pb、As和Cr浓度轻微超过背景值。土壤和沉积物中Cd的生态风险均处于中度风险水平,且潮河流域重金属潜在生态风险水平高于白马关河流域。历史采矿和密云水库上游经济作物种植是导致密云水库上游地区重金属污染的主要因素。土壤重金属人群健康风险评价结果显示,成人和儿童的非致癌风险和致癌风险均在可接受水平之内。
- 重金属 /
- 污染程度 /
- 土壤 /
- 沉积物 /
- 风险评价
Abstract: Focusing on the Chao River and Baimaguan River located upstream of the Miyun Reservoir in Miyun District, Beijing, the concentration, potential ecological risk, and human health risk of the heavy metals, including cadmium, chromium, arsenic, lead, copper, and zinc, in the soil and sediment samples collected from the river and drainage basin were analyzed and assessed. The average concentrations of the six heavy metals were all below the Soil Environmental Quality Risk Control Standard for Soil Contamination of Agricultural Land (GB 15618-2018) for China, but exceeded the background values of Beijing. Cd was the most serious pollutant in both soil and sediment, being with 2.64 and 3.40 times of background value, while Pb, As and Cr were slightly higher than their background values. The potential ecological risk posed by Cd in soil and sediment was at moderate level, and the potential ecological risk of heavy metals in Chao River Basin was higher than that in Baimaguan River Basin. The historical iron ore mining and economic crop cultivation were identified as the primary sources of heavy metal pollution of soil and sediment in the upstream of the Miyun Reservoir. Human health risk assessment results indicated that non-carcinogenic risks and carcinogenic risks of adults and children all fell below threshold values.
- heavy metal /
- pollution level /
- soil /
- sediment /
- risk assessment

HTML全文

参考文献(35)

[1]	LU C A, ZHANG J F, JIANG H M , et al. Assessment of soil contamination with Cd,Pb and Zn and source identification in the area around the Huludao zinc plant[J]. Journal of Hazardous Material, 2010,182:743-748. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.06.097 pmid: 20638790
[2]	朱青青, 王中良 . 中国主要水系沉积物中重金属分布特征及来源分析[J]. 地球与环境, 2012,40(3):305-313. ZHU Q Q, WANG Z L . Distribution characteristics and source analysis of heavy metals in sediments of the main river systems in China[J]. Earth and Environment, 2012,40(3):305-313.
[3]	PAN L B, MA J, HU Y , et al. Assessments of levels,potential ecological risk,and human health risk of heavy metals in the soils from a typical county in Shanxi Province,China[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2016,23:19330-19340. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-7044-z pmid: 27370534
[4]	DEAN J R, ELOM N I, ENTWISTLE J A . Use of simulated epithelial lung fluid in assessing the human health risk of Pb in urban street dust[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017,579:387-395. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.085 pmid: 27887829
[5]	LIN J, ZHANG F, LEI Y . Dietary intake and urinary level of cadmium and breast cancer risk:a meta-analysis[J]. Cancer Epidemiology, 2016,42:101-107. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2016.04.002
[6]	SUTHERLAND R A . Bed sediment-associated trace metals in an urban stream,Oahu,Hawaii[J]. Environmental Geology, 2000,39:611-627. doi: 10.1007/s002540050473
[7]	MULLER G . Index of geoaccumulation in sediments of the Rhine River[J].Geomicrobiology Journal, 1969(2):108-118.
[8]	HAKANSON L . An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control,a sedimentological approach[J]. Water Resources Research, 1980,14(8):975-1001. doi: 10.1016/0043-1354(80)90143-8
[9]	Exposure factors handbook:volume1. general factors[M]. Washington DC:US Environmental Protection Agency.Office of Research and Development, 1997.
[10]	Supplemental guidance for developing soil screening:levels for superfund sites[M]. Washington DC:US Environmental Protection Agency, 2002.
[11]	Risk assessment guidance for superfund:volumeI[M]. Washington DC:US Environmental Protection Agency, 2011.
[12]	Risk assessment guidance for superfund:Volume1. human health evaluation manual:part A[M]. Washington DC:US Environmental Protection Agency, 1989.
[13]	FERREIRA B L, MIGUEL E D . Geochemistry and risk assessment of street dust in Luanda,Angola:a tropical urban environment[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2005,39(25):4501-4512. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.03.026
[14]	SONG Z X, SHANA B Q, TANG W Z , et al. Will heavy metals in the soils of newly submerged areas threaten the water quality of Danjiangkou Reservoir,China[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2017,144:380-386. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.06.050 pmid: 28647605
[15]	麦麦提吐尔逊·艾则孜, 阿吉古丽·马木提, 艾尼瓦尔·买买提, 等. 博斯腾湖流域绿洲农田土壤重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价[J]. 地理学报, 2017,72(9):1680-1694. doi: 10.11821/dlxb201709012
[16]	郭朝晖, 肖细元, 陈同斌 , 等. 湘江中下游农田土壤和蔬菜的重金属污染[J]. 地理学报, 2008,63(1):3-11. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0375-5444.2008.01.001 GUO Z H, XIAO X Y, CHEN T B , et al. Heavy metal pollution of soils and vegetables from midstream and downstream of Xiangjiang River[J]. Acta Geographca Sinica, 2008,63(1):3-11. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0375-5444.2008.01.001
[17]	赵筱青, 李丽娇, 杨红辉 , 等. 云南沘江流域农田土壤重金属Pb、Zn、Cd、As的地球化学特征[J]. 地球学报, 2012,33(3):331-340. doi: 10.3975/cagsb.2012.03.07 ZHAO X Q, LIL J, YANGH H , et al. The geochemical characteristics of heavy metals in agricultural soils of the Bijiang watershed in Yunnan Province[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 2012,33(3):331-340. doi: 10.3975/cagsb.2012.03.07
[18]	刘洪莲, 李艳慧, 李恋卿 , 等. 太湖地区某地农田土壤及农产品中重金属污染及风险评价[J]. 安全与环境学报, 2006,6(5):60-63. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-6094.2006.05.018 LIU H L, LI Y H, LI L Q , et al. Pollution and risk evaluation of heavy metals in soil and agro-products from an area in the Taihu Lake region[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 2006,6(5):60-63. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-6094.2006.05.018
[19]	叶嘉敏, 余厚平, 简敏菲 , 等. 鄱阳湖流域农田重金属污染的生态风险评估[J]. 江西师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2016,40(4):429-436. doi: 10.16357/j.cnki.issn1000-5862.2016.04.20 YE J M, YU H P, JIAN M F , et al. The ecological risk assessment of the heavy metals pollution on the typical wetland and farmland of Poyang Lake[J]. Journal of Jiangxi Normal University(Natural Science), 2016,40(4):429-436 doi: 10.16357/j.cnki.issn1000-5862.2016.04.20
[20]	ZHU L, LIU J W, XU S G , et al. Deposition behavior,risk assessment and source identification of heavy metals in reservoir sediments of Northeast China[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2017,142:454-463. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.04.039 pmid: 28458229
[21]	张伯镇, 王丹, 张洪 , 等. 官厅水库沉积物重金属沉积通量及沉积物记录的生态风险变化规律[J]. 环境科学学报, 2016,36(2):458-465. doi: 10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2015.0486 ZHANG B Z, WANG D, ZHANG H , et al. The flux of sedimentary heavy metals and variation of ecological risks recorded by sediments from Guanting Reservoir[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2016,36(2):458-465. doi: 10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2015.0486
[22]	方志青, 陈秋禹, 尹德良 , 等. 三峡库区支流河口沉积物重金属分布特征及风险评价[J]. 环境科学, 2018,37(6):2607-2614. doi: 10.13227∕j.hjkx.201711066 FANG Z Q, CHEN Q Y, YIN D L , et al. Distribution characteristics and risk assessment of heavy metals in the sediments of the estuary of the tributaries in the Three Gorges Reservoir[J]. Environmental Science, 2018,37(6):2607-2614. doi: 10.13227∕j.hjkx.201711066
[23]	ZHANG G L, BAI J H, ZHAO Q Q , et al. Heavy metals in wetland soils along a wetland-forming chronosequence in the Yellow River Delta of China:levels,sources and toxic risks[J]. Ecological Indicators, 2016,69:331-339. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.04.042
[24]	ZHANG Z Y, YING L J, MAMAT Z , et al. Sources identification and pollution evaluation of heavy metals in the surface sediments of Bortala River,Northwest China[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2016,126:94-101. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.12.025
[25]	ZHANG G L, BAI J H, XIAO R , et al. Heavy metal fractions and ecological risk assessment in sediments from urban,rural and reclamation-affected rivers of the Pearl River Estuary,China[J]. Chemosphere, 2017,184:278-288. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.155
[26]	CHEN H, TENG Y, LU S , et al.Contamination features and health risk of soil heavy metals in China[J].Science of the Total Environment, 2015, 512/513:143-153. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.025 pmid: 25617996
[27]	于洋, 高宏超, 马俊花 , 等. 密云县境内潮河流域土壤重金属分析评价[J]. 环境科学, 2013,34(9):3572-3577. YU Y, GAO H C, MA J H , et al. Analysis and evaluation of heavy metals along the Chaohe River in Miyun County[J]. Environmental Science, 2013,34(9):3572-3577.
[28]	李娇, 陈海洋, 滕彦国 , 等. 拉林河流域土壤重金属污染特征及来源解析[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016,32(19):226-233. doi: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.19.031 LI J, CHEN H Y, TENG Y G , et al. Contamination characteristics and source apportionment of soil heavy metals in Lalin River basin[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2016,32(19):226-233. doi: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2016.19.031
[29]	LI R, CHAI M, QIU G Y . Distribution,fraction,and ecological assessment of heavy metals in sediment-plant system in mangrove forest[J]. PLos One, 2016,11(1):e0147308. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147308 pmid: 4723084
[30]	SUN C Y, LIU J H, WANG Y , et al. Multivariate and geostatistical analyses of the spatial distribution and sources of heavy metals in agricultural soil in Dehui,Northeast China[J]. Chemosphere, 2013,92:517-523. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.02.063 pmid: 23608467
[31]	LUO L, MA Y, ZHANG S , et al. An inventory of trace element inputs to agricultural soils in China[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2009,90:2524-2530. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.01.011 pmid: 19246150
[32]	MA J, PAN L B, WANG Q , et al. Estimation of the daily soil/dust(SD)ingestion rate of children from Gansu Province,China via hand-to-mouth contact using tracer elements[J]. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 2016,DOI: 10.1007/s10653-016-9906-1. doi: 10.1007/s10653-016-9906-1
[33]	NING L, YUAN K, PAN W J , et al.Concentration and transportation of heavy metals in vegetables and risk assessment of human exposure to bioaccessible heavy metals in soil near a waste-incinerator site, South China[J].Science of the Total Environment, 2015, 521/522:144-151. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.081 pmid: 25829292
[34]	CHABUKDHRAR M, NEMA A . Heavy metals assessment in urban soil around industrial clusters in Ghaziabad,India:probabilistic health risk approach[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2013,87:57-64. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.08.032 pmid: 23116622
[35]	FRYER M, COLLINS C D, FERRIER H , et al. Human exposure modeling for chemical risk assessment:a review of current approaches and research and policy implications[J]. Environmental Science & Policy, 2006,9(3):261-274. doi: 10.1016/j.envsci.2005.11.011