Volume 11 Issue 6
Nov.  2021
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology  > 2021  >  11(6): 1057-1064
ZHAO Liduo, REN Lihong, LI Jun, HUANG Shunxiang, LI Gang, ZHANG Jiahao, ZHANG Kai. Characteristics and source analysis of water-soluble ions of PM2.5 during spring in Mang City, Yunnan Province[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology, 2021, 11(6): 1057-1064. doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210073
Citation: ZHAO Liduo, REN Lihong, LI Jun, HUANG Shunxiang, LI Gang, ZHANG Jiahao, ZHANG Kai. Characteristics and source analysis of water-soluble ions of PM2.5 during spring in Mang City, Yunnan Province[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology, 2021, 11(6): 1057-1064. doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210073
shu

Characteristics and source analysis of water-soluble ions of PM2.5 during spring in Mang City, Yunnan Province

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210073
  • 1.

    State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences

  • 2.

    School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University

  • 3.

    Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences

  • 4.

    Nuclear and Chemical Emergency Technical Support Center, Institute of NBC Defense

More Information
  • Corresponding author: REN Lihong E-mail: renlh@craes.org.cn
  • Received Date: 2021-03-18
  • Publish Date: 2021-11-20
    Abstract
  • To understand the chemical characteristics of water-soluble ions in PM2.5 in spring in Mang City, Yunnan Province, PM2.5 samples were collected at three monitoring stations in Mang City from March 11 to April 1, 2019 and 9 water-soluble ions ($SO_{4}^{2-}$、$NO_{3}^{-}$、Cl-、F-、$NH_{4}^{+}$、K+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+) were analyzed. At the same time, the main sources of water-soluble ions in PM2.5 were discussed by principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that: The daily mean value of PM2.5 was 25.5-84.1 μg/m3 during the sampling period in spring, most of which less than the level II standard limit of Ambient Air Quality Standards (GB 3095-2012). SNA (collectively referred to $SO_{4}^{2-}$、$NO_{3}^{-}$ and $NH_{4}^{+}$) accounted for 84.1% of the total water-soluble ions, indicating that SNA dominated the main fraction of PM2.5. The proportion of $SO_{4}^{2-}$ in total water-soluble ions was the highest, about 52.8%, and the largest contribution to secondary ions. SOR (sulfur oxidation rate) was 0.58, indicating that there was an obvious secondary conversion process from SO2 to $SO_{4}^{2-}$ in the atmosphere. $SO_{4}^{2-}$/$NO_{3}^{-}$>1 indicated that the contribution of stationary source to water-soluble ions was greater than that of mobile source. The correlation analysis of water-soluble ions showed that Cl - had a good correlation with Ca2+ and Mg2+, indicating that Ca2+、Mg2+ may exist in the forms of CaCl2 and MgCl2 in atmospheric particulate matter. The correlation coefficients between K+ and $NO_{3}^{-}$ was 0.81, which indicated that K+ may exist as KNO3. $NH_{4}^{+}$, $NO_{3}^{-}$ and $SO_{4}^{2-}$ mainly existed in the form of (NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3. The anion to cation micro-equivalent ratio of PM2.5 was 0.82, indicating that PM2.5 was weakly alkaline. The PCA showed that the main sources of water-soluble ions in PM2.5 in spring in Mang City were dust source, biomass combustion source and secondary inorganic aerosol.

     

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