Abstract: Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are a class of environmental pollutants with endocrine-disrupting activity, whose soil environmental behaviors and ecological risks have become a key priority in China's governance of emerging contaminants. Based on national and international research findings over the past decade, this paper systematically reviews the biological disruption mechanisms, soil occurrence characteristics, factors governing environmental behaviors, and ecological effects of EDCs. The results demonstrate that owing to their structural similarity with endogenous hormones, EDCs interfere with physiological functions via receptor-mediated pathways, enzyme-activity regulation, and epigenetic modifications. The occurrence of EDCs in soil exhibits significant dependence on land-use types, with agricultural lands showing regional concentration variations driven by agricultural plastic films and pesticide residues, industrial sites exhibiting high-concentration multi-pollutant accumulation, and urban soils presenting low-dose complex pollution. Key environmental factors, such as organic matter, pH, microorganisms, and redox potential, synergistically regulate the adsorption-desorption, migration and transformation, and bioavailability of EDCs through hydrophobic partitioning, hydrogen bonding complexation, electrostatic interactions, and biological metabolism. EDCs disrupt the structure and functions of soil ecosystems via pathways such as oxidative damage and microbial community restructuring. This study aims to provide a theoretical basis for pollution prevention and control of EDCs in soil and their ecological risk assessment.