Abstract:
The establishment of the eco-environmental zoning control system has strengthened the macro-control of the pollution source prevention system. Replacing some project environmental impact assessments (EIAs) with industrial environmental access guidelines has become an important means to strengthen macro-control, simplify micro-management, and enhance the overall effectiveness of the source prevention system. The similarities and differences between environmental access guidelines and environmental access were analyzed, and the functional positioning and connotation attributes of environmental access guidelines were defined. By using methods such as literature analysis and expert scoring, key indicators were selected to construct an indicator system for environmental access guidelines. Additionally, a demonstration study was conducted on the automotive manufacturing industry (C36) in a certain industrial park in the Yangtze River Delta region to validate the methodology. The results showed that: 1) Environmental access guidelines had the connotative attributes of being non-mandatory guiding rules and an important means of source prevention; they served the functions of providing pre-project guidance for access assessment, in-process guidance for the independent implementation of environmental protection requirements by projects, and post-project guidance for ecological and environmental departments in supervising construction projects. 2) An indicator system for environmental access guidelines was constructed from three dimensions of pollution source prevention, pollution process control, and effective pollution supervision. An application framework of "three-dimensional goal demand - differentiated guidance content - diversified guidance methods - multi-dimensional application scenarios" for environmental access guidelines was established. 3) Relying on the "environmental protection and water affairs integrated platform" in the demonstration park, the constructed park-specific environmental access guidelines indicator system and application framework for the automotive manufacturing industry (C36, only involving cutting, welding, and assembly processes) guided the site selection, intelligent assessment of industrial access compliance, implementation of environmental protection requirements during project construction and operation, and fixed pollution source emission permit filling and reporting, as well as regular supervision by environmental protection departments, for three EIA-exempt projects in the demonstration park. This effectively prevented and controlled the environmental pollution risks of EIA-exempt projects, indicating that the environmental access guidelines indicator system established had good scientific validity and practicality. Given the non-mandatory characteristics of environmental access guidelines, it is suggested that key elements such as pollutant emission standards, control measures, and cleaner production indicators be incorporated into fixed pollution source emission permits or emission registration forms to strengthen their binding force.