Abstract: Increasing the consumption level of renewable electricity not only helps accelerate the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient energy system, but also promotes the development and utilization of renewable energy. Based on the renewable electricity consumption data from 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China from 2015 to 2022, this study employed the Dagum Gini coefficient and the optimal geographical detector to explore the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of renewable electricity consumption and its influencing factors. The results showed that from 2015 to 2022, both total renewable electricity consumption and non-hydro renewable electricity consumption in China exhibited a steady upward trend. In terms of regional differences, the overall differences in the consumption of both renewable and non-hydro renewable electricity showed a declining trend, with regional differences mainly originating from transvariation density. Regarding influencing factors, electricity infrastructure and policy planning were the key factors affecting the total renewable electricity consumption in China, while environmental conditions and electricity infrastructure were the critical factors influencing non-hydro renewable electricity consumption. Therefore, China should formulate province-specific development of renewable electricity consumption, continuously strengthen the construction of electricity infrastructure, effectively control the total carbon emissions, and establish and improve relevant institutional guarantees to achieve high level of renewable electricity consumption.