北京城市公园草本植物系统发育特征对不同生境群落可入侵性的影响

Effects of phylogenetic characteristics of herbaceous plant communities on the invasibility of different habitat communities in urban parks in Beijing

  • 摘要: 为探究不同生境中草本植物群落的系统发育特性(包括系统发育多样性、系统发育关系、系统发育结构)与其可入侵性之间的关联,对北京市8个城市公园的林地、湿地以及草地3种生境进行样方调查,分别进行系统发育多样性分析和回归分析,对比不同生境的群落可入侵性差异,分析草本植物系统发育特征对不同生境可入侵性的影响。结果表明:林地的群落可入侵性最高,草地最低。一元线性回归分析结果表明,林地生境中,群落可入侵性与系统发育特性无显著相关性;湿地生境中,群落可入侵性与本地群落的系统发育多样性呈显著负相关,而与入侵-本地植物的平均最近分类距离呈显著正相关;草地生境中,本地草本植物群落净亲缘关系指数和最近分类单元指数均与群落可入侵性呈显著负相关;多元回归分析结果表明,林地生境中,本地群落越聚集且与入侵群落系统发育距离越远的群落其可入侵性越低,湿地生境中,本地群落系统发育多样性越高且与入侵群落系统发育距离越近的群落其可入侵性越低。针对城市植物入侵问题,需根据不同生境类型制定差异化防控策略,整合多维度研究、技术应用与社会参与,建立更全面的城市公园入侵植物管理框架。

     

    Abstract: To explore the relationship between habitat types and community invasibility in relation to the phylogenetic characteristics of herbaceous plant communities (phylogenetic diversity, phylogenetic relationships,and phylogenetic structure), a survey was conducted in three habitats (forest, wetland, and grassland) across eight urban parks in Beijing. Phylogenetic diversity analysis and regression analysis were performed, comparing the differences in community invasibility across the habitats and analyzing the influence of phylogenetic traits on the invasibility of different habitats. The results showed that the invasibility of the community was the highest in the forest habitat and the lowest in the grassland habitat. Base on simple linear regression analysis, communitiy invasibility is not significantly correlated with phylogenetic traits in forest habitat. In wetland habitats, community invasibility is significantly negatively correlated with phylogentic diversity of native communities, while it is positively correlated with the mean nearest taxonomic distance between invasive and native plants. In grassland habitats, both the net phylogentic relatedness index and the nearest taxonomic index of native plant communities are significantly negatively correlated with community invasibility. The results of the multiple regression analysis suggest that in forest habitats, the more clustered native community and the farther its phylogenetic distance to the invasive community, the lower its invasibility. In wetland habitats,the higher the phylogenetic diversity of the native community and the closer its phylogenetic distance from the invasive community, the lower its invasitbility. In view of the problem of urban plant invasion, it is necessary to formulate differentiated prevention and control strategies according to different habitat types, integrate multi-dimensional research, technology application and social participation, and establish a more comprehensive management framework for invasive plants in urban parks.

     

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