辽河保护区河岸带生态恢复技术研究

The Ecological Restoration Technology of Riparian Area in Liaohe Conservation Area

  • 摘要: 在分析干流河岸带现状及生境区域的基础上,阐述了辽河保护区河岸带的生态恢复对策、方法及技术。辽河保护区河岸带生态恢复应根据其特点确定河岸缓冲带的宽度,筛选适宜的植被类型,进行缓冲带的生态结构设计,重建河岸缓冲带草生、草灌、林木阻控带等植物群落系统。辽河保护区河岸缓冲带最小有效宽度设置为30 m,当河岸斜坡所占缓冲带比例<15%时,河岸缓冲带宽度增加15 m。在河岸带生态系统恢复方法上,辽河保护区福德店—三河下拉段、柳河口—盘山闸段采用正常恢复法,清河口—拉马河口段采用坑塘湿地为主恢复,三河下拉—清河口段采用牛轭湖湿地为主恢复,石佛寺—柳河口段采用自然湿地为主恢复。

     

    Abstract: Based on analysis of the status and habitat region of Liaohe River riparian area, the ecological restoration strategy, methods and technologies of the riparian area were introduced. The ecological restoration design should accord to the characteristics of each riparian area to determine the width, select appropriate vegetation types, design the ecological structure and reconstruct the grass, shrub and forest plant community system of riparian buffer zones. The minimum riparian buffer zone width of Liaohe Conservation Area is set as 30 m. The width of the riparian buffer zone increases 15 m, when the rate of river bank slope in the buffer is less than 15%. For the riparian zone ecosystem restoration method, the normal restoration method was used in Fudedian-Sanhexiala and Liuhe River estuary-Panshan sluice sections, the pond wetlands as main restoration method was used in Qinghe River estuary-Lama River estuary section, oxbow lake wetlands as main restoration method was used in Sanhexiala-Qinhe River estuary, and natural wetlands as main restoration method was used in Shifosi-Liuhe River estuary.

     

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