部分国家及地区塑料袋减量化经济政策对我国的启示

张嘉戌; 邓义祥; 张承龙

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2018.06.085

部分国家及地区塑料袋减量化经济政策对我国的启示

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2018.06.085

张嘉戌^1,2,,
邓义祥^1,*, ,,
张承龙²

1.
中国环境科学研究院流域水环境综合管理研究室,北京 100012
2.
上海第二工业大学电子废弃物研究中心,上海 201209

详细信息

作者简介:
作者简介:张嘉戌(1994—),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为固体废物资源化,1094635589@qq.com

通讯作者:
邓义祥 E-mail: dengyxbj@163.com

中图分类号: X196;
计量
- 文章访问数: 544
- HTML全文浏览量: 102
- PDF下载量: 359
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-07-21
- 刊出日期: 2018-11-20

Economic policies of plastic bag reduction of foreign countries and regions and its enlightenment to China

ZHANG Jiaxu^{1,2
,},
DENG Yixiang^{1,*
, ,},
ZHANG Chenglong²

1.
Water Environment Management and Research Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
2.
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Research Centre of Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai 201209, China

More Information

Corresponding author: 邓义祥 E-mail: dengyxbj@163.com

摘要

摘要: 对我国(不包括港澳台地区)塑料袋管理制度特点分析的基础上,总结其成效以及存在的问题。根据价格杠杆、税收杠杆对部分国家及地区的塑料袋减量化经济政策进行分类,在分析其发展历程、政策内容和管理方式等基础上,借鉴其管理经验,对完善我国塑料袋经济政策提出两方面建议:完善现行塑料袋收费制度,包括扩展管理范围,设置价格下限等;建立塑料袋税收制度,包括实施专款专用,合理化制定税率等。
- 塑料袋 /
- 限塑令 /
- 减量化 /
- 经济政策
Abstract: Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the plastic bag management policies in China mainland, the effectiveness and existing problems were summarized. The environmental economic policies of plastic bags enacted by some countries and regions were classified in terms of price leverage and tax leverage, on the basis of the analysis of development history, policy content and management methods. Two suggestions to improve the plastic bag economic policies were put forward borrowing the successful experience in the above countries and regions. Firstly, the current plastic bag charging system should be improved by expanding management scope and setting low bound of the charging prices, et al. Secondly, the taxation system should be established for the plastic bag management, including implementing taxation for specific use only and setting reasonable tax rates, et al.
- plastic bag /
- ban on free plastic bags /
- reduction /
- economic policies

HTML全文

参考文献(50)

[1]	福州环保.塑战速决!2018年世界环境日主题来了[EB/OL].(2018-02-26)[2018-07-03]..
[2]	British Plastic Federation.What happens to plastics when the oil runs out and when will it run out[EB/OL].(2008-08-19)[2018-07-03].
[3]	NEWMAN S,WATKINS E,FARMER A,et al.The economics of marine litter[M]//Marine anthropogenic litter.Berlin:Springer International Publishing,2015:367-394.
[4]	Ecospearbd.Banglandesh:world leader in banning plastic bags[EB/OL].(2017-11-12)[2018-07-03].
[5]	联合国环境规划署.塑料袋从诞生到禁止简史[EB/OL].(2018-04-25)[2018-07-03].
[6]	KATE B.Whale dies in Thailand with 80 plastic bags in its stomach[EB/OL].(2018-06-05)[2018-07-03].
[7]	US EPA.Advancing sustainable materials management:2014 tables and figures assessing trends in material generation,recycling,composting,combustion with energy recovery and landfilling in the United State of America[EB/OL].[2018-07-03].
[8]	限塑:远未完成的任务[M]//中国环境发展报告.北京:社会科学文献出版社,2009:238-247.
[9]	国务院办公厅.关于限制生产销售使用塑料购物袋的通知[A/OL].[2018-07-03].
[10]	赵衡.如何有效落实“限塑令”[N].法律生活,2017-10-14(3).
[11]	商务部条法司.商品零售场所塑料购物袋有偿使用管理办法[A/OL].[2018-07-03].
[12]	商务部商业改革司.关于商品零售场所塑料购物袋有偿使用管理办法有关问题的处理意见[A/OL].(2008-07-04)[2018-07-03]. 0705656598.html.
[13]	国家发展和改革委员会.关于政协十二届全国委员会第五次会议第3526号(资源环境类204号)、3542号(资源环境类206号)、3543号(资源环境类207号)、3590号(商贸旅游类159号)、3606号(资源环境类215号)提案答复的函[A/OL].(2017-09-12)[2018-07-03].
[14]	零废弃联盟.“十年限塑令”商家执行情况调研报告[EB/OL].(2018-05-31)[2018-08-29].
[15]	RONGGANG C.China is the world's largest consumer of fast food and it's causing major damage[EB/OL].(2017-10-25)[2018-07-03].
[16]	国家邮政局. 2015中国快递领域绿色包装发展现状及趋势报告[EB/OL].(2015-11-13)[2018-07-03]..
[17]	国家邮政局. 2016中国快递绿色包装发展现状与趋势报告[EB/OL].(2016-10-26)[2018-07-03].
[18]	国家邮政局.快递包装在变革中取得新突破:《2017中国快递领域绿色包装发展现状及趋势报告》解读[EB/OL].(2017-10-18)[2018-07-03].
[19]	朱烁.工商总局澄清餐饮企业暂不在“限塑”范围[EB/OL].(2008-07-13)[2018-07-03].
[20]	潘岳. 谈谈环境经济政策[J].求是,2007(20):58-60.
[21]	UK voluntary carrier bags monitoring[EB/OL].(2013-07-01)[2018-07-03].
[22]	SARA P.Plastic bags-the single use carrier bag charge[EB/OL].(2017-06-22)[2018-07-03].http://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-7241/CBP-7241.pdf.
[23]	THOMAS G O,POORTINGA W,SAUTKINA E.The Welsh single-use carrier bag charge and behavioural spillover[J].Journal of Environmental Psychology,2016,47:126-135.
[24]	The single-use carrier bags charge(Wales) regulations 2010 No. 2880(W.28)[A/OL].(2010-11-30)[2018-07-03].
[25]	邹颂华.香港观察:塑料袋征费会减少垃圾吗[EB/OL].(2015-03-31)[2018-07-03].
[26]	Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department.Environmental levy scheme on plastic shopping bags[A/OL].[2018-07-03].
[27]	香港特别行政区环境保护署. 2016年根据《产品环保责任条例》采取的执法行动及统计数字[EB/OL].[2018-07-03].
[28]	张雅婷.商户捐款减胶袋费去哪儿?[EB/OL].(2017-3-30)[2018-07-03].
[29]	香港特别行政区环境保护署.全面推行塑胶购物袋收费[A/OL].[2018-07-03].
[30]	张雅婷.网购物流用袋毋须缴费倡规管[EB/OL].(2017-03-30)[2018-07-03].
[31]	香港特别行政区环境保护署.产品环保责任条例[A/OL].[2018-07-03].
[32]	张雅婷.胶袋征费2年背心袋入口量反升[EB/OL].(2017-3-30)[2018-07-03].
[33]	黄基森. 论述购物用塑胶袋及塑胶类免洗餐具之限制使用政策[R].台北:台北市立教育大学环境教育与资源研究所,2002.
[34]	张若榆.第二阶段“限用塑胶类免洗餐具及塑胶袋”座谈会[EB/OL].(2002-09-04)[2018-07-03].
[35]	"台湾环境保护署".“行政院环境保护署公告”[A/OL].(2018-01-01)[2018-07-03].
[36]	"台湾环境保护署".修正总说明及逐条说明[A/OL].[2018-07-03].
[37]	DEPARTMENT E P.Overseas experience on plastic shopping bag reduction[EB/OL].[2018-07-06].
[38]	纸袋不比塑胶袋环保?从台湾“限塑令”回答塑胶四大问[EB/OL].(2018-01-05)[2018-08-16].
[39]	"台湾环境保护署".购物用塑胶袋限制使用对象、实施方式及实施日期(修正公告)说明[EB/OL].[2018-07-06].
[40]	Triple bottom line evaluation:plastic bag policy options.prepared for city of fort collins by the Brendle Group,Inc[EB/OL].(2012-10-01)[2018-07-06].
[41]	ROMER J R,TAMMINEN L M.Plastic bag reduction ordinances:New York City's proposed charge on all carryout bags as a model for US cities[J].Tulane Environmental Law Journal,2014,27(2):237.
[42]	香港塑料袋业厂商会.关于《扩大塑胶购物袋征费计划》意见书[EB/OL].(2013-06-18)[2018-07-06].
[43]	CONVERY F,MCDONNELL S.Applying environmental product taxes and levies:lessons from the experience with the Irish plastic bags levy[EB/OL].(2003-07-01)[2018-07-06].
[44]	CONVERY F,MCDONNELL S,FERREIRA S.The most popular tax in Europe?lessons from the Irish plastic bags levy[J].Environmental & Resource Economics,2007,38(1):1-11.
[45]	KAVANAGH B P.The Irish plastic bag levy:a review of its performance 5 years on[EB/OL].[2018-07-06]..
[46]	GIACOVELLI C.Single-use plastics:a roadmap for sustainability[R].Geneva:UN Environment,2018.
[47]	TADHG C, DERMOT C.Assessment and development of a waste prevention framework for Ireland[EB/OL].(2015-09-08)[2018-07-06].
[48]	RYAN A.Regulating the consumption of plastic bags in the cases of South Africa and Ireland[R].Waterloo:Allegheny College,2017.
[49]	MURALIDHARAN S,SHEEHAN K.“Tax” and “fee” message frames as inhibitors of plastic bag usage among shoppers:a social marketing application of the theory of planned behavior[J].Social Marketing Quarterly,2016,22(3):200-217.
[50]	环保税开征,这些“糊涂认识”要澄清[EB/OL].(2018-01-16)[2018-07-06].