生物滴滤池处理农村废水的研究进展

刘雪妮; 何连生; 姜登岭; 袁震; 杨兆华; 孟睿; 蒋进元

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2017.02.029

生物滴滤池处理农村废水的研究进展

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2017.02.029

刘雪妮^1,2,
何连生^2,*, ,,
姜登岭¹,
袁震²,
杨兆华^1,2,
孟睿²,
蒋进元²

1.
华北理工大学建筑工程学院,河北唐山 063000
2.
中国环境科学研究院环境工程设计研究中心,北京 100012

详细信息

作者简介:
刘雪妮(1990—),女,硕士,主要从事水处理研究, liuxueni90@126.com

通讯作者:
何连生 E-mail: heliansheng08@126.com

中图分类号: X703.1
计量
- 文章访问数: 1400
- HTML全文浏览量: 93
- PDF下载量: 913
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-07-08
- 刊出日期: 2017-03-20

Research progress of treatment of rural wastewater by bio-trickling filter

1.
College of Architectural Engineering Institute, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, China
2.
Environmental Engineering Design and Research Centre, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China

More Information

Corresponding author: Liansheng HE E-mail: heliansheng08@126.com

摘要

摘要: 生物滴滤池存在脱氮除磷效果较差、滤料易堵塞、有异味等缺点。针对不同农村地区不同水质的废水,为达到出水标准,提高运行效率,国内外很多学者对生物滴滤池进行了改进研究。滴滤池的结构设计可从降低进水有机负荷、增加含氧量和脱氮除磷分段进行等方面改进;布水方式可从减小进水水滴体积、均匀布水、适当提高布水高度等方面改进;滤料的选择可根据废水的特点选择组合滤料实现优势互补;生物膜的培养可采用人工接种挂膜和自然挂膜相结合的方式来缩短培养时间;适当提高回流比,可提高氮去除率,一般回流比设为60%~80%。生物滴滤池的不断改进使其在农村废水处理中更有优势。
- 生物滴滤池 /
- 结构设计 /
- 滤料 /
- 挂膜 /
- 回流比
Abstract: Biological trickling filter (BTF) has the disadvantages of low removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus, easy clogging of the filter, and bad smells. In order to achieve the effluent standards and improve the operational efficiency for different wastewater quality in rural areas, improvement researches have been made by domestic and foreign scholars. The structure of BTF can be improved by reducing the filter influent organic concentration, increasing the oxygen content, and removing nitrogen and phosphorus in different stages, etc. Water distribution can be improved by reducing the volume of water droplets, distributing water uniformly, and raising the water distribution height suitably. Different sorts of filter materials can be combined to have complementary advantages according to the characteristics of the wastewater. Through combining artificial inoculation film-forming with natural biofilm, biofilm can be adopted in the shorter time. Increase of the reflux ratio can improve the removal efficiency, with optimum reflux ratio is 60%-80%. The continuous improvement of the BFT makes it more advantageous in the treatment of wastewater in the rural areas.
- biological trickling filter /
- structure design /
- filter material /
- forming film /
- reflux ratio

HTML全文

参考文献(51)

[1]	姜立晖, 刘广奇 . 新农村建设污水处理模式的选择[J]. 建设科技, 2006(13):50-51.
[2]	PARKER D S, BRATBY J R . Review of two decades of experience with TF/SC process[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2001,127(5):380-387. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2001)127:5(380)
[3]	VILLAVERDE S, FDZ-POLANCO F, GARCÍA P A . Nitrifying biofilm acclimation to free ammonia in submerged biofilters:start-up influence[J]. Water Research, 2000,34(2):602-610. doi: 10.1016/S0043-1354(99)00175-X
[4]	MOTTA E J L, BOLTZ J P, MADRIGAL J A . The role of bioflocculation on suspended solids and particulate COD removal in the trickling filter process[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2006,132(5):506-513. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2006)132:5(506)
[5]	PUÑAL A, TREVISAN M, ROZZI A , et al. Influence of C∶N ratio on the start-up of up-flow anaerobic filter reactors[J]. Water Research, 2000,34(9):2614-2619. doi: 10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00161-5
[6]	BRYAN E H . Molded polystyrene media for trickling filters[C] //Proceedings of the 10th Purdue Industrial Waste Conference.West Lafayette:Purdue University, 1955: 164-172.
[7]	SCHULZE K L . Load and efficiency of trickling filters[J]. Water Pollution Control Federation, 1960,32(3):245-261.
[8]	GALLER W S, GOTAAS H B . Analysis of biological filter variables[J]. American Society of Civil Engineers, 1964,90(6):59.
[9]	GERMAIN J E . Economical treatment of domestic waste by plastic-medium trickling filters[J]. Water Pollution Control Federation, 1966,38(2):192-203. pmid: 5905652
[10]	DAIGGER G T, BOLTZ J P . Trickling filter and trickling filter-suspended growth process design and operation:a state-of-the-art review[J]. Water Environment Research A:Research Publication of the Water Environment Federation, 2011,83(5):388-404. doi: 10.2175/106143010x12681059117210 pmid: 21657190
[11]	吕景 . 生物滴滤池除臭工艺特性及数学模型研究[D]. 上海:上海师范大学, 2008.
[12]	陈蒙亮, 王鹤立, 陈晓强 . 新型生物滴滤池处理生活污水的中试研究[J]. 水处理技术, 2012,38(8):84-87. CHEN M L, WANG H L, CHEN X Q . The pilot studying of domestic sewage using a new bio-trickling filter[J]. Technology of Water Treatment, 2012,38(8):84-87.
[13]	张文坤 . 分层生物滴滤池生物膜特性研究[D]. 上海:上海交通大学, 2013.
[14]	徐善文 . 两段式比例进水曝气生物滤池处理城镇生活污水效能研究[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学, 2011.
[15]	谭平, 马太玲, 赵立欣 , 等. ABR-生物滴滤池组合工艺处理农村生活污水[J]. 环境工程学报, 2013,7(9):3439-3444. TAN P, MA T L, ZHAO L X , et al. Combined process of ABR-bio-trickling filter for treatment of rural domestic sewage[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2013,7(9):3439-3444.
[16]	BIESTERFELD S, FARMER G, FIGUEROA L , et al. Quantification of denitrification potential in carbonaceous trickling filters[J]. Water Research, 2002,37(16):4011-4017. doi: 10.1016/S0043-1354(03)00302-6 pmid: 12909121
[17]	RICHTER K U, KRÜNER G . Elimination of nitrogen in two flooded and statically packed bed biofilters with aerobic and anaerobic microsites[J]. Water Research, 1994,28(3):709-716. doi: 10.1016/0043-1354(94)90151-1
[18]	SONG J H, KINNEY K A . Effect of vapor-phase bioreactor operation on biomass accumulation,distribution,and activity:linking biofilm properties to bioreactor performance[J]. Biotechnology & Bioengineering, 2000,68(5):508-516. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(20000605)68:5<508::aid-bit4>3.0.co;2-p pmid: 10797236
[19]	KIM D, SORIAL G A . Role of biological activity and biomass distribution in air biofilter performance[J]. Chemosphere, 2007,66(9):1758-1764. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.06.069 pmid: 16890977
[20]	李桂荣, 薛素勤, 方虎 , 等. 生物滴滤池不同进水负荷处理生活污水试验研究[J]. 水处理技术, 2011,37(11):84-87. LI G R, XUE S Q, FANG H , et al. Study on different influent loading of bio-trickling filter[J]. Technology of Water Treatment, 2011,37(11):84-87.
[21]	余珍 . 低能耗生物滴滤池技术的应用研究[D]. 上海:上海交通大学, 2006.
[22]	张甜甜, 李建军, 岑英华 , 等. 净化低浓度大风量恶臭气体的生物滴滤池中生物膜研究[J]. 微生物学通报, 2007,34(6):1052-1056. ZHANG T T, LI J J, CEN Y H , et al. Study on the biofilm characteristics in biotricking filter treating odour gas with large flow and low concentration[J]. Microbiology China, 2007,34(6):1052-1056.
[23]	陈蒙亮 . 复合生物滴滤池处理生活污水的试验研究[D]. 北京:中国地质大学(北京), 2013.
[24]	吴磊, 吕锡武, 李先宁 , 等. 处理农村污水的跌水充氧接触氧化技术设计研究[J]. 安全与环境工程, 2007,14(3):33-36. WU L, LÜ X W, LI X N , et al. Study on the design of waterfall aeration contact oxidation for rural sewage treatment[J]. Safety and Environmental Engineering, 2007,14(3):33-36.
[25]	董启荣 . 新型生物滤池处理生活污水的试验研究[D]. 北京:中国地质大学(北京), 2010.
[26]	王萍, 李国昌 . 煤矸石陶粒滤料制备及在生物滤池中应用研究[J]. 非金属矿, 2007,30(6):53-56. WANG P, LI G C . Research on preparing of gangue ceramsite & its application in biological aerated filter[J]. Non-Metallic Mines, 2007,30(6):53-56.
[27]	GUO X, YAO Y, YIN G , et al. Preparation of decolorizing ceramsites for printing and dyeing wastewater with acid and base treated clay[J]. Applied Clay Science, 2008,40(1/2/3/4):20-26. doi: 10.1016/j.clay.2007.06.009
[28]	孙莹 . 新型生物滤池滤料的开发及其应用[D]. 西安:西安建筑科技大学, 2006.
[29]	王春荣, 李军, 王宝贞 , 等. 2种不同填料曝气生物滤池处理生活污水的经验模型[J]. 环境污染治理技术与设备, 2005,6(12):56-60. WANG C R, LI J, WANG B Z , et al. Empirical model of two different media biological aerated filters (BAFs) for domestic wastewater treatment[J]. Techniques and Equipment for Environmental Pollution Control, 2005,6(12):56-60.
[30]	朱端卫, 周怀东, 刘玲花 , 等. 不同滤料在微污染水生物慢滤中的去污效果比较[C] //王国清.中国环境保护优秀论文精选. 北京: 中国大地出版社, 2006.
[31]	王昌良, 陈炳炎, 魏志文 . 一种新型滤料的研制及其在曝气生物滤池的应用[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2007(2):6-10. WANG C L, CHEN B Y, WEI Z W . Development of a novel filtering material and its application in biological aerated filter[J]. Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2007(2):6-10.
[32]	袁震 . 改进型生物滴滤池处理农家乐餐饮废水研究[D]. 淮南:安徽理工大学, 2015.
[33]	刘颍, 郭新超, 慕银银 . 生物滴滤池处理校园生活污水强化脱氮除磷研究[J]. 环境工程, 2015,33(11):42-47. LIU Y, GUO X C, MU Y Y . Study on enhanced nitrogen and phosphorous removal treatment for campus domestic sewage by bio-trickling filter[J]. Environmental Engineering, 2015,33(11):42-47.
[34]	杜永祥 . 组合填料曝气生物滤池处理受污地表水体的研究[D]. 苏州:苏州科技学院, 2010.
[35]	KENT T D, FITZPATRICK C S B, WILLIAMS S C . Testing of biological aerated filter (BAF) media[J]. Water Science & Technology, 1996,34(3/4):363-370. pmid: 14753542
[36]	熊小京, 叶志隆 . 贝壳与球形塑料填料曝气生物滤池的硝化特性比较[J]. 厦门大学学报(自然科学版), 2005,44(4):538-541. XIONG X J, YE Z L . Comparison of nitrification behavior between shell and plastics ball carrier in aerated biofilter[J]. Journal of Xiamen University (Natural Science), 2005,44(4):538-541.
[37]	龙腾锐, 方芳, 郭劲松 . 变速生物滤池处理城市污水的效能研究[J]. 中国给水排水, 2002,18(1):13-18. LONG T R, FANG F, GUO J S . Study on the performance of variable rate biofilter for treatment of municipal wastewater[J]. China Water & Wastewater, 2002,18(1):13-18.
[38]	张自杰, 林荣忱 . 排水工程:下册[M]. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2000.
[39]	余珍, 孙扬才, 邱江平 , 等. 新型生物滴滤池处理餐饮废水[J]. 水处理技术, 2006,32(7):64-66. YU Z, SUN Y C, QIU J P , et al. Treatment of restaurant wastewater by novel biotrickling filter[J]. Technology of Water Treatment, 2006,32(7):64-66.
[40]	李先宁, 李孝安 . 冬季溅水充氧滴滤池处理农村生活污水的启动研究[J]. 环境工程学报, 2007,1(8):26-30. LI X N, LI X A . Research on start-up of spattering trickling filter for rural sewage treatment in winter[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2007,1(8):26-30.
[41]	GROSS A, NEMIROVSKY A, ZILBERG D , et al. Soil nitrifying enrichments as biofilter starters in intensive recirculating saline water aquaculture[J]. Aquaculture, 2003,223(1/2/3/4):51-62. doi: 10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00067-X
[42]	MORENO B, GOÓMEZ M A, RAMOS A , et al. Influence of inocula over start up of a denitrifying submerged filter applied to nitrate contaminated groundwater treatment[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2005,127(1/2/3):180-186. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.07.002 pmid: 16099590
[43]	BELLO-MENDOZA R, CASTILLO-RIVERA M F . Start-up of an anaerobic hybrid (UASB/filter) reactor treating wastewater from a coffee processing plant[J]. Anaerobe, 1998,4(5):219-225. doi: 10.1006/anae.1998.0171 pmid: 16887646
[44]	曹大伟, 李先宁, 李孝安 , 等. 地埋式一体化生物滤池工艺处理农村生活污水[J]. 中国给水排水, 2008,24(1):30-34. CAO D W, LI X N, LI X A , et al. Buried integrated biofilter process for treatment of rural domestic sewage[J]. China Water & Waste Water, 2008,24(1):30-34.
[45]	傅金祥, 陈正清, 赵玉华 , 等. 挂膜方式对曝气生物滤池的影响[J]. 水处理技术, 2006,32(8):42-45. FU J X, CHEN Z Q, ZHAO Y H , et al. Effect of biofilm growing method on biological aerated filter[J]. Technology of Water Treatment, 2006,32(8):42-45.
[46]	张菊萍, 陆少鸣, 夏莉 , 等. 不同挂膜方式启动中置曝气生物滤池的对比研究[J]. 水处理技术, 2015(6):108-111. ZHANG J P, LU S M, XIA L , et al. Comparison of different forming film methods in biological aeration filter (BAF)[J]. Technology of Water Treatment, 2015(6):108-111.
[47]	US EPA. Nitrogen control manual:EPA/625/R-93/010[S]. Washington DC:US EPA, 1993.
[48]	崔婷婷 . 厌氧-组合式生物滴滤池脱氮除磷的工艺研究[D]. 上海:上海交通大学, 2014.
[49]	胡和平, 黄少斌, 王宝沂 . 生物滴滤池反硝化脱氮试验研究[J]. 环境工程, 2005,23(3):7-9. HU H P, HUANG S B, WANG B Y . Study on nitrogen removal by trickling filter[J]. Environmental Engineering, 2005,23(3):7-9.
[50]	赵美 . 两级曝气生物滤池处理低温污水效能研究[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学, 2012.
[51]	窦娜莎 . 曝气生物滤池处理城市污水的效能与微生物特性研究[D]. 青岛:中国海洋大学, 2013.