Abstract: The cause of the water pollution of Xuchang section of the Qingyi River was systematically analysed, so as to provide the control plan and policy recommendations for remediating the watershed and improving the water quality. According to the analysis of monitoring data of five water quality monitoring sections along the mainstream of the Qingyi River druing 2010 to 2011, chemical oxygen demand and ammonia were identified as the major pollution indicators. After analyzing the pollution burden of the domestic sewage, industrial waste water and agricultural effluent, as well as the spatial distribution characteristics of the pollution sources, the main cause of the river pollution should be attributituted to the industrial waswater discharge from the paper industry in Weidu District and leather industry in Changge City. Finally some countermeasures were put forward to solve the outstanding water pollution problems in the Qingyi River.