水体硬度对铜和镉生物毒性的影响

王伟莉; 焦聪颖; 闫振广; 邓茗芩; 何丽; 高富; 刘征涛

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2013.03.043

水体硬度对铜和镉生物毒性的影响

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2013.03.043

1.
中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,国家环境保护化学品生态效应与风险评估重点实验室
2.
中国环境监测总站业务室
3.
东北师范大学城市与环境科学学院

详细信息

通讯作者:
闫振广 E-mail: zgyan@craes.org.cn

中图分类号: X172
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2012-10-10
- 修回日期: 2012-11-14
- 刊出日期: 2013-05-20

Effects of Water Hardness on Ecotoxicity of Cadmium and Copper to Aquatic Organisms

1.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
2.
Department of Program Management, China National Environmental Monitoring Center
3.
College of Urban and Environment Sciences, Northeast Normal University

More Information

Corresponding author: YAN Zhen-guang E-mail: zgyan@craes.org.cn

摘要

摘要: 研究水体不同硬度条件下铜(以Cu²⁺为主)和镉(以Cd²⁺为主)对金鲫鱼、麦穗鱼及大型溞的生物毒性效应。结果表明，当水体硬度(以CaCO₃计，下同)为80 mg/L时，Cu²⁺对麦穗鱼和大型溞的半数致死浓度（LC₅₀）分别为100和79 μg/L；当水体硬度为250 mg/L时，Cu²⁺对麦穗鱼和大型溞的LC₅₀分别为160和159 μg/L；当水体硬度为50和250 mg/L时，Cd²⁺对金鲫鱼的LC₅₀分别为3.69和16.3 mg/L。随着水硬度的增加，Cu²⁺和Cd²⁺的急性毒性均降低。计算得到Cu²⁺和Cd²⁺的生物毒性硬度斜率分别为0.513和0.923，表明硬度对Cd²⁺的毒性影响大于对Cu²⁺。Cd²⁺对金鲫鱼的亚急性毒性试验结果表明，随着水体硬度的升高，Cd²⁺对金鲫鱼的慢性毒性及进入鱼体内的Cd²⁺浓度均显著降低，说明高水体硬度能显著降低重金属的生物有效性。
- 水体硬度 /
- Cu²⁺ /
- Cd²⁺ /
- 水生生物 /
- 生态毒性
Abstract: The biological toxicity of Cd²⁺ and Cu²⁺ to Carassius auratus, Pseudorasbora parva and Daphnia magna was studied under different water hardness. The results revealed that at the hardness of 80 mg/L CaCO₃, the median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) of Cu²⁺ to P. parva and D. magna was 100 and 79 μg/L, respectively; and at the hardness of 250 mg/L the LC₅₀ of Cu²⁺ to the two organisms was 160 and 159 μg /L, respectively. The LC₅₀ of Cd²⁺ to C. auratus at the hardness of 50 and 250 mg/L was 3.69 and 16.3 mg/L, respectively. The results showed that the acute toxicity of Cu²⁺ and Cd²⁺ to aquatic organism decreased with the increase of water hardness. The hardness slope of toxicity of Cu²⁺ and Cd²⁺ was 0.513 and 0.923, respectively, and the influence of hardness on toxicity of Cd²⁺ was greater than that of Cu²⁺.The results of subacute toxicity test for C. auratus showed that the chronic toxicity and quantity of Cd²⁺ absorbed by the fish were reduced when the hardness increased. It revealed that the higher water hardness was able to reduce the bioavailability of heavy metal.
- water hardness /
- Cu²⁺ /
- Cd²⁺ /
- aquatic organism /
- ecotoxicity