湖北网湖沉积物重金属分布特征、源解析及风险评价

赵显林; 段磊; 周建利; 刘晓伟; 卢文洲; 丘锦荣; 柯华; 郑和松

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220729

湖北网湖沉积物重金属分布特征、源解析及风险评价

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20220729

1.
长江大学农学院
2.
生态环境部华南环境科学研究所
3.
黄石市网湖湿地自然保护区管理局

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（21707040）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项（PM-zx703-202002-025，PM-zx703-202004-153）

详细信息

作者简介:
赵显林（1996—），男，硕士研究生，主要从事水土环境研究，18336279330@163.com

通讯作者:
周建利（1971—），男，副教授，博士，主要从事水土环境研究，631334055@qq.com

中图分类号: X524; X820.4
计量
- 文章访问数: 173
- HTML全文浏览量: 91
- PDF下载量: 16
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-19
- 录用日期: 2022-11-28
- 修回日期: 2022-07-28

Distribution characteristics, source analysis and risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments of Wanghu Lake of Hubei Province

1.
College of Agriculture, Yangtze University
2.
South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment
3.
Wanghu Lake Wetland Nature Reserve Administration of Huangshi City

摘要

摘要:
为揭示湖北网湖沉积物重金属污染特征，采用空间插值法、主成分分析法和地累积指数对其污染特征、来源识别及生态风险状况进行分析。结果表明：5种重金属的平均浓度从高到低依次为Zn>Cr>Cu>Pb>Cd，且浓度均超过湖北省土壤背景值；Pearson相关性分析表明，Zn与Cd、Pb浓度呈正相关（P<0.05)，Cu与Zn、Cr浓度呈负相关（P<0.05)。主成分分析发现，主成分1由Pb、Cd、Zn构成，主要来源于河流运输和农业活动影响；主成分2由Cr和Cu构成，主要来源于矿物风化等自然背景和工业活动及水产养殖等人类活动污染影响。地累积指数结果显示，网湖沉积物中重金属处于低风险状态，但Cd和Cu达到中度污染，为主要污染物，应予以关注。
- 浅水湖泊 /
- 沉积物 /
- 重金属 /
- 多元统计分析 /
- 环境风险评估
Abstract:
To reveal the characteristics of heavy metal pollution in the sediments of Wanghu Lake in Hubei Province, the methods of spatial interpolation, principal component analysis, and geo-accumulation index were used to investigate the pollution features, source identification, and ecological risk status of heavy metal pollution. The results showed that the average concentration of five heavy metals decreased in the order of Zn>Cr>Cu>Pb>Cd, and all of them exceeded Hubei soil background values. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation (P<0.05) between Zn and Cd, Zn and Pb, and a negative correlation (P<0.05) between Cu and Zn, Cu and Cr. Principal component analysis revealed that principal component 1 was consisted of Pb, Cd, and Zn, which were primarily influenced by river transportation and agricultural activities; principal component 2 was consisted of Cr and Cu, which were mainly affected by natural background such as mineral weathering and pollution from human activities such as industrial activities and aquaculture. The geo-accumulation index results suggested that heavy metals in Wanghu Lake were in a low risk condition, although Cd and Cu reached moderate pollution and were the major pollutants that should be monitored.
- shallow lake /
- sediment /
- heavy metals /
- multivariate statistical analysis /
- environmental risk assessments

HTML全文

图 1 研究区域及采样点位

Figure 1. Location of study area and sampling sites

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图 2 表层沉积物重金属浓度空间分布

Figure 2. Spatial distribution of heavy metal concentrations in surface sediments

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图 3 表层沉积物重金属的地累积指数

Figure 3. Geoaccumulation index of heavy metals in surface sediments

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图 4 沉积物中重金属的浓度分布

Figure 4. Distribution of heavy metal concentrations in sediments

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图 5 沉积物中重金属的地累积指数

Figure 5. Geoaccumulation index of heavy metals in sediments

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图 6 沉积物中重金属浓度相关性分析

注：*表示在0.05水平相关性显著。

Figure 6. Correlation analysis of heavy metals in sediments

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图 7 沉积物中重金属主成分分析

注：A、B、C、D、E分别表示沉积物深度为0~5、5~10、10~15、15~20、20~25 cm；1~20代表点位序号；椭圆线为95%置信区间。

Figure 7. Principal component analysis of heavy metals in sediments

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图 8 网湖底泥pH、Eh空间分布

Figure 8. Spatial distribution of pH and Eh in Wanghu lake sediments.

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表 1 网湖表层沉积物和垂直样品重金属浓度特征

Table 1. Heavy metal concentration characteristics in surface sediments and vertical samples of Wanghu Lake mg/kg　

项目	Cd		Pb		Cu		Zn		Cr
项目	表层	岩芯	表层	岩芯	表层	岩芯	表层	岩芯	表层	岩芯
最大值	0.9	0.9	48.8	55.8	120.7	141.7	176.6	182.5	170.9	189.7
最小值	0.4	0.2	27.7	13.1	40.5	38.1	137.3	82.7	84.7	50.4
平均值	0.7	0.6	37.1	35.3	62.6	58.9	156.2	153.6	119.6	119.9
标准差(SD)	0.1	0.1	5.2	4.6	21.9	15.7	11.9	11.8	24.1	24.4
CV^1）	20.0	17.1	14.1	13.0	34.9	26.6	7.6	7.7	20.2	20.3
湖北省背景值^[23]	0.17		26.7		30.7		83.6		86
中国湖泊平均值^[26]	0.1		25		21		68		58
临阈值效应浓度（TEL）^[27]	0.6		35		35.7		123.1		37.3
可能效应浓度（PEL）^[27]	3.5		91.3		196.6		314.8		90
1） CV的单位为%。

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表 2 同类研究重金属浓度对比

Table 2. Comparison of heavy metal concentrations in similar studies mg/kg　

项目	Cd	Pb	Cu	Zn	Cr	数据来源
网湖（湖心）		38.5	50.6	128.9	97.1	文献[25]
长江	0.15	30.47	17.46	66.91	34.64	文献[28]
洞庭湖	2.2	59.2	49.7	152.9	131.5	文献[29]
鄱阳湖	0.7	50.4	62	132.9	135.9	文献[30]
太湖	0.78	45.48	43.02	153.09	223.3	文献[31]
东湖	0.92	7.6	56.1	224	151	文献[32]

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