合成生物技术对生物多样性影响的评估探索

汪保卫; 常江; 王智文

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210213

合成生物技术对生物多样性影响的评估探索

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210213

汪保卫^{1, 2,},
常江^3, ,,
王智文^{1, 4, ,}

1.
天津大学化工学院, 系统生物工程教育部重点实验室
2.
中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所
3.
中国环境科学研究院
4.
天津大学合成生物学前沿科学中心

基金项目: 生态环境部生物多样性调查、观测与评估项目（2019HB2096001006）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（NSFC-21776209）；中国博士后科学基金面上项目（2021M693355）

详细信息

作者简介:
汪保卫（1982—），男，博士后，主要从事代谢工程与合成生物技术研究，bw_wang@tju.edu.cn

通讯作者:
常江（1980—），男，研究员，主要从事生物多样性研究， changjiang@craes.org.cn

王智文（1981—），男，副教授，主要从事代谢工程与合成生物学研究， zww@tju.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-01

Evaluation exploration of the impacts of synthetic biotechnologies on biodiversity

WANG Baowei^{1, 2
,},
CHANG Jiang^{3
, ,},
WANG Zhiwen^{1, 4
, ,}

1.
Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University
2.
Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
3.
Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
4.
Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin University

摘要

摘要: 合成生物技术是近年来兴起的一类新兴生物技术，是现代生物技术的新发展阶段；在微生物细胞工厂、人工合成菌群、人工基因组合成、基因组编辑和基因驱动等多个领域取得了一系列重要进展，也获得了多国政府及产学研机构的大力支持。随着合成生物技术研究、开发与应用的深入发展，评估其对人类社会生存发展至关重要的生物多样性的影响成为一个重要课题。基于防范降低负面风险、促进有益开发应用和保护生物多样性的评估原则，采用综合考虑合成生物技术适用范围和基于合成生物技术的制品、组分和生物的安全性2个维度的评估方法定性分析了合成生物技术研究、开发与应用对生物多样性的影响，提出了应对其潜在风险的策略与建议，以期为合成生物技术的良性发展、造福社会提供参考。
- 合成生物技术 /
- 生物多样性 /
- 潜在风险 /
- 定性评估
Abstract: Synthetic biotechnologies are recently emerged novel biotechnologies, and represent the new stage of modern biotechnology. A series of important progresses have been achieved in many fields such as microbial cell factories, synthetic microbial consortium, artificial genomes synthesis, genome editing and gene drives, thanks to the intensive support from the government, industrial and academia in many countries. With the further growth of research, development and application of synthetic biotechnologies, the evaluation of their impacts on the biodiversity of the ecosystem, which is one of the critical issues related to human society, becomes a very important topic. Based on the evaluation principle of preventing and reducing negative risks, promoting beneficial development and application, and protecting biodiversity, the impact of research, development and application of synthetic biotechnology on biodiversity was qualitatively analyzed. A two-dimensional evaluation method was adopted, which comprehensively considered the proper application scope of synthetic biotechnologies and the safety of products, components and organisms based on synthetic biotechnology. The countermeasures and suggestions for coping with potential risks of synthetic biotechnology on biodiversity were put forward, so as to provide references for the healthy development of synthetic biotechnologies for the prosper of human society.
- synthetic biotechnologies /
- biodiversity /
- potential risks /
- qualitative evaluation

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图 1 合成生物技术对生物多样性潜在风险的评估方法

Figure 1. Methods for evaluation of the potential risk of synthetic biotechnologies on biodiversity

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合成生物技术对生物多样性影响的评估探索

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210213

作者简介:
汪保卫（1982—），男，博士后，主要从事代谢工程与合成生物技术研究，bw_wang@tju.edu.cn

通讯作者:
常江（1980—），男，研究员，主要从事生物多样性研究， changjiang@craes.org.cn

王智文（1981—），男，副教授，主要从事代谢工程与合成生物学研究， zww@tju.edu.cn

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Evaluation exploration of the impacts of synthetic biotechnologies on biodiversity

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留言板

合成生物技术对生物多样性影响的评估探索

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210213

作者简介: 汪保卫（1982—），男，博士后，主要从事代谢工程与合成生物技术研究，bw_wang@tju.edu.cn

通讯作者: 常江（1980—），男，研究员，主要从事生物多样性研究， changjiang@craes.org.cn 王智文（1981—），男，副教授，主要从事代谢工程与合成生物学研究， zww@tju.edu.cn

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出版历程

Evaluation exploration of the impacts of synthetic biotechnologies on biodiversity

计量

出版历程

目录

作者简介:
汪保卫（1982—），男，博士后，主要从事代谢工程与合成生物技术研究，bw_wang@tju.edu.cn

通讯作者:
常江（1980—），男，研究员，主要从事生物多样性研究， changjiang@craes.org.cn

王智文（1981—），男，副教授，主要从事代谢工程与合成生物学研究， zww@tju.edu.cn