基于VFSMOD模型的植被缓冲带对千岛湖地区农田面源污染磷负荷削减效果模拟

李芸; 王斌; 袁静; 储昭升; 金春玲

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210173

基于VFSMOD模型的植被缓冲带对千岛湖地区农田面源污染磷负荷削减效果模拟

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210173

李芸^{1, 3,},
王斌^{1, 3},
袁静²,
储昭升^2, ,,
金春玲²

1.
核资源与环境国家重点实验室, 东华理工大学
2.
中国环境科学研究院湖泊生态环境研究所
3.
东华理工大学水资源与环境工程学院

基金项目: 江西省重点研发计划项目（20202BBGL73086，20201BBG71012）

详细信息

作者简介:
李芸(1985—)，男，讲师，博士，主要从事污水处理理论与技术研究，liyun_jps@163.com

通讯作者:
储昭升(1973—)，男，研究员，博士，主要从事湖泊富营养化研究， chuzs@craes.org.cn

中图分类号: X524
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-05-11

Simulation of the reduction effect of vegetation buffer zone on phosphorus load of farmland NPS pollution in Qiandao Lake area based on VFSMOD model

LI Yun^{1, 3
,},
WANG Bin^{1, 3},
YUAN Jing²,
CHU Zhaosheng^{2
, ,},
JIN Chunling²

1.
State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology
2.
Institute of Lake Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
3.
School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology

摘要

摘要: 植被缓冲带是控制农业面源污染的有力生态措施，其净化能力受到许多因素影响，设计施工时应考虑不同污染源区的具体情况。以千岛湖地区农田径流磷负荷削减为例，应用VFSMOD模型分析植被缓冲带宽度、坡度以及降水量对入流泥沙削减的影响，并估算拟合了入流总磷（TP）负荷的削减变化情况。模拟结果表明：植被缓冲带削减能力与缓冲带宽度呈正相关，与缓冲带坡度、降水量呈负相关；植被缓冲带坡度为3%时，对污染物削减效果最好；植被缓冲带对污染物的削减一般集中在前段的10 m。根据模拟结果，提出基于不同长度径流区丰、平、枯水文年植被缓冲带宽度设计的工作曲线，在设计时可根据期望的削减目标以及实际的径流区立地情况，因地制宜地确定相应的缓冲带宽度。研究可为植被缓冲带净化农田面源污染时宽度设计提供指导。
- 植被缓冲带 /
- 缓冲带宽度 /
- VFSMOD模型 /
- 面源负荷削减
Abstract: Vegetation buffer zone is a powerful ecological measure to control agricultural non-point source (NPS) pollution. Its purification capacity is affected by many factors. The specific conditions of different pollution source areas should be considered in the design and construction of the vegetation buffer zone. Taking the farmland runoff in Qiandao Lake as an example, the VFSMOD model was used to analyze the influence of vegetation buffer band width, slope and rainfall on the reduction of inflow sediment. The reduction and change of the inflow total phosphorus (TP) load were estimated and fitted. The simulation results showed that the reduction capacity of the vegetation buffer zone was positively correlated with the width of buffer zone and negatively correlated with the rainfall and slope; when the slope of the vegetation buffer zone was 3%, the pollutant reduction effect was the best; the reduction of pollutants was generally concentrated on the front 10 m section of the vegetation buffer zone. According to the simulation results, a design work curve based on the width of vegetation buffer zone in the rich, flat and dry years in runoff areas of different lengths was proposed. During the design, the corresponding buffer zone width could be flexibly determined according to the expected reduction target and the actual runoff area site conditions. This study could provide technical guidance for the width design of vegetation buffer zone when it was used to purify farmland NPS pollution.
- vegetation buffer zone /
- buffer zone width /
- VFSMOD model /
- non-point source load reduction

HTML全文

图 1 千岛湖典型片区范围及汇水区入湖分布概况

Figure 1. Typical area of Qiandao Lake and distribution of catchment area into the lake

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 VFSMOD模型结构示意

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of VFSMOD model structure

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图 3 典型片区汇水区坡度分布

Figure 3. Slope distribution of the catchment area in typical areas

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图 4 VFSMOD模型降水量过程线

Figure 4. Precipitation hydrograph of VFSMOD model

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图 5 不同宽度植被缓冲带对泥沙和TP的削减效果

Figure 5. Reduction effects of different width vegetation buffer zones on sediment and TP

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图 6 不同坡度植被缓冲带对泥沙和TP的削减效果

Figure 6. Reduction effect of different slope vegetation buffer zones on sediment and TP

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图 7 不同降水量条件下植被缓冲带对泥沙和TP的削减效果

Figure 7. Reduction effects of vegetation buffer zone on sediment and TP under different rainfall conditions

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图 8 不同径流区长度下植被缓冲带对泥沙和TP的削减率

Figure 8. Reduction rate of silt and TP in the buffer zone under different runoff zone lengths

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图 9 丰、平、枯水文年植被缓冲带宽度设计曲线

Figure 9. Design curve of buffer zone during the wet,flat and dry years

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表 1 典型平水年不同强度降水天数分布情况

Table 1. Distribution of precipitation days with different intensities in typical flat water years

降水强度等级	降水量分级/mm	降水天数	占比/%	累计降水量/mm	占比/%
小雨	0~5	79	52.67	130.7	8.55
小雨	5~10	21	14.00	147.1	9.62
中雨	10~15	16	10.67	197.9	12.94
	15~20	11	7.33	187.6	12.27
	20~25	6	4.00	133.3	8.72
大雨	25~30	2	1.33	52.7	3.45
	30~40	8	5.33	274.6	17.96
	40~50	2	1.33	88.7	5.80
暴雨	50~60	3	2.00	172.1	11.25
暴雨	60~100	2	1.33	144.5	9.45
大暴雨	100~250	0	0	0.0	0
特大暴雨	≥250	0	0	0.0	0
合计		150	100	1529.2	100

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 VFSMOD模型模拟参数

Table 2. VFSMOD model simulation parameters

参数	取值
缓冲带长度/ m	10
缓冲带宽度/m	5~30
各段糙率系数/(s/cm^1/3)	0.24
坡度/%	3~30
VKS/(m/s)	3.67×10⁻⁶
湿润峰平均吸力/m	0.089 9
土壤初始含水量/(m³/m³)	0.200
土壤饱和含水量/(m³/m³)	0.499
表面填洼含水量/m	0
植物茎干间距/cm	2.15
植物高度/cm	18
NPART	3
入流泥沙浓度/(g/cm³)	0.002
上源区宽度/m	50
上源区径流区长度/m	100

下载: 导出CSV

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