Analysis of PM2.5 pollution characteristics of a winter heavy pollution process in Xingtai City
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摘要: 为了解邢台市秋冬季重污染过程的污染特征，于2018年11月10—16日，在邢台市一中、内丘以及沙河3个点位采集PM2.5样品，分析PM2.5浓度及其化学组分。结果表明：重污染过程期间邢台市PM2.5平均浓度为176.2 μg/m3，超过 GB 3095—2012《环境空气质量标准》二级标准限值1.4倍；水溶性离子以NO3 −、SO4 2−和NH4 +为主，平均浓度分别为（32.3±13.4）、（16.4±9.0）和（15.0±6.8）μg/m3，分别占PM2.5的18.3%、9.3%和8.5%，3种离子浓度在污染加重时较污染初期分别升高了0.8、2.3和1.2倍；OC平均浓度为（12.9±5.8）μg/m3，占PM2.5的7.4%，EC平均浓度为（4.6±1.4）μg/m3，占PM2.5的2.7%。邢台市该次重污染过程以二次污染为主导，主要受到燃煤及机动车排放影响较大。Abstract: In order to understand the pollution characteristics of heavy pollution process in Xingtai City in autumn and winter, PM2.5 samples were collected at three points in the city, including No.1 Middle School, Neiqiu and Shahe, during the pollution process on November 10-16, 2018, to analyze the changes of PM2.5 concentration and chemical composition. The results showed that during the heavy pollution process, the average PM2.5 concentration of Xingtai City was 176.2 μg/m3, which exceeded the secondary standard limit of Ambient Air Quality Standards (GB 3095-2012) by 1.4 times. The water-soluble ions were mainly NO3 −, SO4 2−and NH4 +, with the average concentrations of （32.3±13.4）, （16.4±9.0） and （15.0±6.8）μg/m3, which accounted for 18.3%, 9.3% and 8.5% of PM2.5, respectively. The concentration of the three ions increased by 0.8, 2.3 and 1.2 times when the pollution was aggravated compared with the initial stage of the pollution. The average concentration of OC was (12.9±5.8) μg/m3, accounting for 7.4% of PM2.5, and the average concentration of EC was (4.6±1.4) μg/m3, accounting for 2.7% of PM2.5. This pollution process in Xingtai City was dominated by secondary pollution, which was mainly affected by coal combustion and motor vehicle emissions.
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Key words:
- Xingtai City /
- heavy pollution process /
- PM2.5 /
- chemical composition /
- pollution characteristics
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图 2 污染过程期间PM2.5浓度变化及其空间分布特征
Figure 2. PM2.5 concentration variations and spatial distribution characteristics during the heavy pollution process
图 4 污染过程期间PM2.5中离子浓度的变化
Figure 4. Changes of concentrations of ions during the heavy pollution process
图 5 污染过程期间离子占比变化
Figure 5. Ratio variations of ions during the heavy pollution process
图 6 PM2.5中OC和EC浓度与OC/EC变化
Figure 6. Variations of OC and EC of concentrations and OC/EC in PM2.5
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