加拿大化学品管理法规制度及其对我国的借鉴

王一喆; 孟睿; 陈丽红; 余若祯

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.2018.12.180

加拿大化学品管理法规制度及其对我国的借鉴

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.2018.12.180

中国环境科学研究院环境分析测试技术中心,北京 100012

详细信息

作者简介:
王一喆(1982—),女,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事环境生态毒理和风险评估研究,wangyz@craes.org.cn

中图分类号: X32
计量
- 文章访问数: 428
- HTML全文浏览量: 115
- PDF下载量: 191
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-11-02
- 刊出日期: 2019-07-20

Chemical management regulation system in Canada and the reference to China

Environmental Analysis and Testing Laboratory, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China

摘要

摘要: 加拿大在化学品管理方面构建了一套立法完整、方法科学、手段丰富的管理体系,形成了以联邦、省、市三级管理为格局,以科学管理为基本原则,以全生命周期管理为特点,以多部门协调配合为手段的管理体系框架,对于完善中国化学品管理具有重要的参考与借鉴价值。综述了加拿大化学品管理立法情况和化学品管理计划,着重解读了《加拿大环境保护法》《危险产品法》“工作场所有害物质信息系统”和《新物质申报条例》的管理思路。总结了目前我国化学品管理工作进展,提出完善我国化学品管理法规的建议:完善化学品环境管理立法;建立化学品全生命周期管理体系;加大风险管控措施,建立健全优先控制化学品清单;加强公众参与。
- 加拿大 /
- 化学品管理 /
- 法规制度 /
- 借鉴
Abstract: Canada has set up a management system with complete legislation, rigorous methods and abundant means in chemical management. It has formed a three-level management system framework of federal, provincial and municipal levels, with rigorous management as the basic principle, life cycle management as its characteristic and multi-sectoral coordination as an important approach. The experience should be important reference for improving China’s chemical management. The legislation of chemicals management in Canada and the chemical management programs were reviewed, emphatically the management ideas of Canadian Environmental Protection Law, Hazardous Product Act, Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System, and New Substances Notification Regulations were interpreted. The progress of chemicals management in China were summarized, and the proposals were put forward to perfect China’s chemicals management as follows: improving the legislation of chemical environmental management, establishing the life cycle management system for chemicals, strengthening risk control measures and establishing the priority control list, and encouraging public participation.
- Canada /
- chemical management /
- regulation system /
- reference

HTML全文

参考文献(26)

[1]	聂晶磊, 霍立彬 . 美国五部化学品环境管理制度比较研究[J]. 现代化工, 2014,34(1):18-22. NIE J L, HUO L B . Study on five chemicals control systems in the US[J]. Modern Chemical Industry, 2014,34(1):18-22.
[2]	王次宝, 吴强 . 加拿大化学品管理立法特色与启示[J]. 环境科学与管理, 2010,35(2):22-26. WANG C B, WU Q . The features and enlightenments of the Canadian legislation on chemicals management[J]. Environmental Science and Management, 2010,35(2):22-26.
[3]	兰杨洋 . 加拿大阿尔伯塔省户外运动环境保护管理研究[D]. 西安:陕西师范大学, 2014: 24.
[4]	王蕾, 汪真, 刘济宁 , 等. 化学品管理法规浅析[J]. 中国环境管理, 2017(5):41-46. WANG L, WANG Z, LIU J N , et al. A brief analysis on chemical management laws[J]. Chinese Jornal of Environmental Management, 2017(5):41-46.
[5]	Environment and Climate Change Canada. Canadian environmental protection act[A/OL].( 2018 -06-22)[2018-10-30]. https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-15.31/FullText.html.
[6]	Environment and Climate Change Canada. Hazardous product act[A/OL].( 2018 -05-23)[2018-10-30]. https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/H-3/FullText.html.
[7]	Environment and Climate Change Canada. The hazardous materials information review act[A/OL].( 2015 -02-11)[2018-10-30]. https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/H-2.7/FullText. html.
[8]	Environment and Climate Change Canada. Hazardous products regulations[A/OL].( 2018 -04-04)[2018-10-30]. http://discussions.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SOR-2015-17/FullText. html.
[9]	Environment and Climate Change Canada. Workplace hazardous materials information system[A/OL].( 2015 -02-11)[2018-10-30]. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/environmental-workplace-health/occupational-health-safety/workplace-hazardous- materials-information-system.html.
[10]	Ministry of Labor Canada. Canada labor code[A/OL].( 2017 -12-12)[2018-10-30]. https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/L-2/FullText.html.
[11]	Environment and Climate Change Canada. New substances notification regulations[A/OL].( 2018 -02-02)[2018-10-30]. http://discussions.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SOR-2005-248/FullText.html.
[12]	Environment and Climate Change Canada. Toxic substances list[A/OL].( 2018 -06-11)[2018-10-30]. https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/canadian-environmental-protection-act-registry/substances-list/toxic/schedule-1.html.
[13]	Environment and Climate Change Canada. Non-domestic substances list[A/OL].( 2018 -01-30)[2018-10-30]. https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/canadian- environmental-protection-act-registry/substances-list/non-domestic. html.
[14]	Environment and Climate Change Canada. Domestic substances list[A/OL].( 2018 -06-07)[2018-10-30]. https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/canadian-environmental-protection-act-registry/substances-list/domestic.html.
[15]	Environment and Climate Change Canada. Priority substances list[A/OL].( 2013 -06-21)[2018-10-30]. https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/canadian-environmental-protection-act-registry/substances-list/priority-list.html.
[16]	Environment and Climate Change Canada. Export control list[A/OL].( 2018 -10-01)[2018-10-30]. https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/canadian-environmental-protection-act- registry/substances-list/export-control-list.html.
[17]	Environment and Climate Change Canada. Virtual elimination list[A/OL].( 2009 -01-13)[2018-10-30]. https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SOR-2006-298/FullText.html.
[18]	Environment and Climate Change Canada. Chemicals management plan[A/OL].( 2018 -07-31)[2018-10-30]. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/chemical-substances/chemicals- management-plan/progress-report.html.
[19]	环境保护部. 新化学物质环境管理办法[A/OL].( 2010 -01-19)[2018-10-30]. http://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bl/201002/t20100201_185231.htm.
[20]	环境保护部. 关于调整《新化学物质申报登记指南》数据要求的公告[A/OL].( 2017 -08-28)[2018-10-30]. http://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bgg/201709/t20170905_420903.htm.
[21]	国务院. 危险化学品安全管理条例[A/OL].( 2011 -03-02)[2018-10-30]. http://www.gov.cn/flfg/2011-03/11/content_182 2902.htm.
[22]	国家环境保护局,海关总署对外贸易经济合作部. 化学品首次进口及有毒化学品进出口环境管理规定[A/OL].( 1994 -03-16)[2018-10-30]. http://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/zj/wj/200910/t20091022_172481.htm.
[23]	国务院. 水污染防治行动计划[A/OL].( 2015 -04-02)[2018-10-30]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2015-04/16/content_ 9613.htm.
[24]	环境保护部, 工业和信息化部, 国家卫生和计划生育委员会. 关于发布《优先控制化学品名录(第一批)》的公告[A/OL].( 2017 -12-28)[2018-10-30]. http://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bgg/201712/t20171229_428832.htm.
[25]	环境保护部. 关于规范化学品测试机构管理的公告[A/OL].( 2016 -12-29)[2018-10-30]. http://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bgg/201701/t20170105_393888.htm.
[26]	刘洪英, 卢玲, 聂晶磊 , 等. 完善我国新化学物质环境管理的探讨[J]. 环境保护, 2016,44(20):43-46. LIU H Y, LU L, NIE J L , et al. The discussion to enhance new chemicals environmental management of China[J]. Environmental Protection, 2016,44(20):43-46.