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城市化背景下粤港澳大湾区生态风险时空演变及生态分区识别研究

李超 牛文浩 黄怀玉 姚顺波 龚直文

李超,牛文浩,黄怀玉,等.城市化背景下粤港澳大湾区生态风险时空演变及生态分区识别研究[J].环境工程技术学报,xxxx,x(x): x-xx doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20221130
引用本文: 李超,牛文浩,黄怀玉,等.城市化背景下粤港澳大湾区生态风险时空演变及生态分区识别研究[J].环境工程技术学报,xxxx,x(x): x-xx doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20221130
LI C,NIU W H,Huang H Y,et al.Study on spatial and temporal evolution of ecological risk and ecological zoning identification in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area under the background of urbanization[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,xxxx,x(x): x-xx doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20221130
Citation: LI C,NIU W H,Huang H Y,et al.Study on spatial and temporal evolution of ecological risk and ecological zoning identification in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area under the background of urbanization[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,xxxx,x(x): x-xx doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20221130

城市化背景下粤港澳大湾区生态风险时空演变及生态分区识别研究

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20221130
基金项目: 陕西省社会科学基金项目(2020R053);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(面上)(2023-JC-YB-192)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    李超(1997—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事土地资源管理、资源经济与环境管理研究,386349572@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    龚直文(1980—),男,副教授,主要从事资源经济与环境管理、林业经济理论与政策研究,gongzhiwen@nwafu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: X171.2

Study on spatial and temporal evolution of ecological risk and ecological zoning identification in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area under the background of urbanization

  • 摘要:

    为揭示粤港澳大湾区城市群30年间土地利用类型转移变化规律,基于1990—2020年共4期Landsat遥感影像,分析研究区生态系统服务价值(ESV)及生态风险值时空演变特征,构建生态功能分区并提出了相关对策建议。结果表明:30年间,粤港澳大湾区建设用地面积累计增加5 616 km2,增幅达179%,主要源于林地和耕地的转移变化;ESV在时间上总体呈先增加后减少趋势,在空间上呈中部低、四周高特征;生态风险在时间上呈不断增加趋势,风险等级向中高风险类型转移,在空间上呈中部高、四周低分布特征且表现出一定的空间集聚现象;根据ESV与生态风险值分布,可将研究区划分为严格管控区、重点管控区、一般管控区与生态保护区4种功能生态分区,其中严格管控区呈扩大趋势,重点管控区呈先增后减趋势,而生态保护区呈持续缩小趋势。

     

  • 图  1  粤港澳大湾区行政区划

    Figure  1.  Location map of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA)

    图  2  1990—2020年粤港澳大湾区土地利用转移

    注:图例中数字1~6分别表示耕地、林地、草地、水域、建设用地、未利用地,2个数字表示第一种类型土地利用向第二种土地利用转移。

    Figure  2.  Land use transfer in the GBA from 1990 to 2020

    图  3  粤港澳大湾区生态系统子服务价值变化情况

    Figure  3.  Change of ecosystem sub-service value in the GBA

    图  4  1990—2020年粤港澳大湾区生态系统服务价值空间分布

    Figure  4.  Spatial distribution of ecosystem service value in the GBA from 1990 to 2020

    图  5  1990—2020年粤港澳大湾区生态风险等级空间分布

    Figure  5.  Spatial distribution of ecological risk levels in the GBA from 1990 to 2020

    图  6  1990—2020年粤港澳大湾区生态风险空间聚类特征

    Figure  6.  Spatial clustering characteristics of ecological risks in the GBA from 1990 to 2020

    图  7  1990—2020年粤港澳大湾区生态分区空间分布

    Figure  7.  Spatial distribution of ecological zones in the GBA from 1990 to 2020

    表  1  粤港澳大湾区单位面积生态系统服务价值系数

    Table  1.   Ecosystem service value coefficients per unit area in the GBA 元/hm2 

    服务类型功能类型生态系统服务价值
    耕地林地草地水域建设用地未利用地
    供给服务食物生产1 910.52873.14657.011 383.180.0017.29
    原料生产423.602 005.62968.23397.670.0051.87
    水资源供给−2 256.321 037.38535.9814 333.240.0034.58
    调节服务气体调节1 538.796 596.063 406.091 331.3134.58190.19
    气候调节803.9719 347.299 007.983 959.360.00172.90
    净化环境233.415 783.442 973.859 595.84172.9535.98
    水文调节2 584.8212 915.486 604.71176 770.9251.87363.08
    支持服务土壤保持899.078 031.124 149.561 607.9534.58224.77
    维持养分循环268.00613.78311.21121.030.0017.29
    生物多样性293.937 313.593 769.174 408.9034.58207.47
    文化服务美学景观129.673 207.261 659.823 267.7717.2986.44
    合计6 829.4667 724.1634 043.61217 177.17345.801 901.86
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  1990—2020年粤港澳大湾区单一土地利用类型变化情况

    Table  2.   Changes of single land use type in the GBA from 1990 to 2020

    土地利用类型1990—20002000—20102010—20201990—2020
    数量变化/km2动态度/%数量变化/km2动态度/%数量变化/km2动态度/%数量变化/km2动态度/%
    耕地 −1 476.8 0.93 −1 801.3 −1.25 −2 227.3 −1.76 −5 505.4 −1.15
    林地 −281.6 −0.09 −581.7 −0.19 −3 024.1 −1.01 −3 887.5 −0.42
    草地 −49.8 −0.39 −123.0 −1.01 1 826.4 16.58 1 653.7 4.33
    水域 517.7 1.34 −279.3 −0.64 −146.5 −0.36 91.9 0.08
    建设用地 1 323.7 4.21 2 912.6 6.53 1 379.7 1.87 5 616.0 5.96
    未利用地 −0.3 −0.12 −12.2 −5.17 −4.5 −3.94 −16.9 −2.37
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  1990—2020年粤港澳大湾区生态系统服务价值变化情况

    Table  3.   Ecosystem service value changes in the GBA from 1990 to 2020 108元 

    土地利用类型生态系统服务价值生态系统服务价值变化量
    1990年2000年2010年2020年1990—20002000—20102010—20201990—2020
    耕地108.6998.6086.3071.09−10.09−12.30−15.21−37.60
    林地2 093.582 074.512 035.111 830.31−19.07−39.40−204.81−263.27
    草地43.3741.6737.4999.66−1.69−4.1962.1856.30
    水域836.96949.38888.73856.92112.42−60.65−31.8119.96
    建设用地1.091.542.553.030.461.010.481.94
    未利用地0.020.040.020.010.00−0.02−0.01−0.03
    合计3 083.723 165.753 050.202 861.0282.03−115.55−189.19−222.71
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  粤港澳大湾区生态风险等级面积及占比

    Table  4.   Areas and proportions of ecological risk grade in the GBA

    生态风险等级1990年2000年2010年2020年
    面积/103 km2比例/%面积/103 km2比例/%面积/103 km2比例/%面积/103 km2比例/%
    低风险区26.7348.4326.3547.7325.1745.5925.6346.44
    较低风险区12.2522.1911.1920.2810.3518.759.5117.22
    中风险区10.0018.118.4315.276.3011.425.9710.82
    较高风险区3.887.035.079.195.7110.354.217.63
    高生态风险区2.344.244.167.537.6713.899.8817.89
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  1990—2020年粤港澳大湾区生态风险值Moran's I统计量

    Table  5.   Moran's I statistics of ecological risk value of the GBA in 1990 to 2020

    年份Moran’s IPZ
    19900.682111060.007596
    20000.712809062.702843
    20100.769646067.690184
    20200.789517069.429529
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2022-11-11
  • 录用日期:  2023-04-17
  • 修回日期:  2023-02-01
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-05-15

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