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生物多样性导向的再生水补给型城市河道水生态修复效果

孟婷婷 董月群 闻丞 薛晓飞 冒建华 黄越 李丹 汪洋 徐开翔

孟婷婷,董月群,闻丞,等.生物多样性导向的再生水补给型城市河道水生态修复效果[J].环境工程技术学报,2023,13(4):1552-1561 doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20221067
引用本文: 孟婷婷,董月群,闻丞,等.生物多样性导向的再生水补给型城市河道水生态修复效果[J].环境工程技术学报,2023,13(4):1552-1561 doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20221067
MENG T T,DONG Y Q,WEN C,et al.Biodiversity-oriented water ecological restoration effect in urban river with reclaimed water supply[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,2023,13(4):1552-1561 doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20221067
Citation: MENG T T,DONG Y Q,WEN C,et al.Biodiversity-oriented water ecological restoration effect in urban river with reclaimed water supply[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,2023,13(4):1552-1561 doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20221067

生物多样性导向的再生水补给型城市河道水生态修复效果

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20221067
基金项目: 国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07103-001)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    孟婷婷(1981—),女,博士,主要从事水环境治理、水生态修复研究,43601042@qq.com

    通讯作者:

    冒建华(1977—),男,博士,主要从事水环境治理、城镇水务先进技术研究,maojianhua@bewg.net.cn

  • 中图分类号: X171.4

Biodiversity-oriented water ecological restoration effect in urban river with reclaimed water supply

  • 摘要:

    在再生水补给型河道开展水生态修复并监测分析其效果,有助于提升再生水补给河道的生态健康水平。在北京市萧太后河老河道开展全营养级生态修复并进行为期1年的监测,通过生物群落结构、生物多样性指数、水质分析水生态系统变化。结果表明,虽然试验区经历了水质恶化、水量剧减的双重冲击,但河道水生态、水质仍表现出明显改善。生态修复实施后浮游动物、底栖动物、鱼类、鸟类的物种丰富度分别上升为修复前的6、2、3、2倍。浮游动物、底栖动物、鱼类优势种数量均明显增加,且表现出耐污型向健康指示型的变化。底栖动物、鱼类、鸟类的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Margalef丰富度指数均有上升;鸟类的优势种表现出季节性变化且已出现猛禽。项目区内总磷浓度平均比项目区外低35%,氨氮浓度平均低31%,总氮浓度平均低30%。综合来看,结构完整的水生态系统具有抵抗外界水质、水量冲击的韧性,且能够起到良好的水质改善效果。各生物群落的多样性指数、群落结构均对水质变化有明显的反馈和指示作用,多个生物多样性指数的综合表征效果更全面、更客观。

     

  • 图  1  研究区域位置示意

    Figure  1.  Position of the study area

    图  2  试验区内外水体总磷、氨氮、总氮浓度变化

    Figure  2.  Changes of total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in and out of the experimental area

    图  3  试验区内外水体化学需氧量、溶解氧浓度变化

    Figure  3.  Changes of chemical oxygen demand and dissolved oxygen in and out of the experimental area

    图  4  监测期间各类群物种丰度的变化

    Figure  4.  Change of the species richness during the monitoring

    图  5  底栖动物多样性指数及丰富度变化

    Figure  5.  Changes of diversity indices and abundance of zoobenthos

    图  6  鱼类多样性指数及丰富度变化

    Figure  6.  Changes of diversity indices and abundance of fish

    图  7  鸟类多样性指数及丰富度变化

    Figure  7.  Changes of diversity indices and abundance of birds

    表  1  研究区域上游污水处理站出水水质

    Table  1.   Effluent quality of the upstream sewage treatment station of the study area mg/L 

    采样日期化学需氧量总氮浓度氨氮浓度总磷浓度
    2019-02-0119951.9943.424.08
    2019-11-14204.300.49810.10
    2019-12-012311.501.91016.40
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  生物调查方法

    Table  2.   Methods of biological investigation

    生物类群监测方法监测内容
    浮游植物样点法现场取样、室内物种及密度检测
    浮游动物样点法现场取样、室内物种及密度检测
    底栖动物样点法/直接观察法现场取样、室内物种及密度检测
    鱼类样点法/直接观察法现场物种鉴定和密度调查
    鸟类样线法/直接观察法现场物种鉴定和密度调查
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  历次监测中的浮游动物物种及相对丰度

    Table  3.   Species and relative abundance of zooplankton during the monitoring

    物种2020-062020-072020-082020-092020-102020-112020-122021-032021-042021-052021-06
    剑水蚤
    Cyclopoidea sp.)
    +++++++++++
    仙达溞
    Limnosida frontosasars
    +++++++++
    大型溞
    Daphnia sp.)
    ++++++++++
    隆线溞
    Daphnia carinataking
    +++++
    广布中剑水蚤
    Mesocyclops leuckarti
    ++++++++++
    无节幼虫
    nauplius sp.)
    +++++++
    壶状臂尾轮虫
    Brachionus urceus
    ++++++
    轮虫
    Rotifera sp.)
    ++
    萼花臂尾轮虫
    Brachionus calyciflorus Pallas
    ++++
    晶囊轮虫
    Asplanchna sp.)
    +++
    裸腹溞
    Moinidae sp.)
    +++++
    针簇多枝轮虫
    Polyarthra trigla
    ++++
    三肢轮虫
    Filinia sp.)
    +++
    其他 +1) +2)+3)
      注:+ 表示相对丰度,根据镜检结果划分为3个等级,+ 数量越多代表相对丰度越大。1)物种为象鼻溞 (Bosmina coregoni)、蚤状溞(Daphnia pulex Leydig);2)物种为秀体溞 (Diaphanosoma sp.)、疣毛轮虫(Synchacta sp.);3)物种为曲腿龟甲轮虫 (Keratella valga)等4种轮虫。
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-10-27
  • 录用日期:  2023-03-27
  • 修回日期:  2023-02-06
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-05-16

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