The bottleneck and countermeasures in the pollution control of livestock and poultry breeding in China

With the large-scale and rapid development of livestock and poultry breeding in China, significant achievements had been made in the utilization of fecal sewage resources, but 40 percent of fecal sewage had not been rationally and effectively utilized. The bottleneck problems causing the current situation mainly included: unreasonable distribution of breeding, mismatch of breeding scale, and great difficulty in the utilization of fecal sewage resources. In addition, there were few complete sets of effective technologies for the prevention and control of breeding sewage, especially those that were economically applicable, and many technologies were expensive or inefficient. Aiming at the key and difficult points for livestock and poultry breeding sewage control technology, the National Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment (Major Water Program) had developed a batch of practical technologies. According to the characteristics of some regions, a set of management technologies for breeding pollution prevention and control was developed which, to some extent, could resolve the circulation issue from the source control to the resource utilization. More than 10 technical specifications (guidelines) were formulated and published, having provided a good support for livestock and poultry breeding pollution control in China. In view of the large scale base of livestock and poultry breeding in China, high proportion of scattered breeding, weak infrastructure and management mechanism, etc., some countermeasures and suggestions were put forward, including controlling the breeding pollution through legal system and classified measures, strengthening the establishment of high efficient collection, transformation and utilization technology system of livestock and poultry manure, promoting the study of standardized and normalized combination of planting and breeding technology mode, strengthening the cultivation of the third-party social service organizations, and enhancing policy support, etc.