Comparative Analysis of Air Environmental Quality during 2014-2015 in Guanzhong Area
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摘要: 利用2014—2015年关中地区6个城市6种大气污染物(PM10、PM2.5、SO2、NO2、CO、O3)监测数据，对比分析了全年环境空气质量变化特征及影响因素。结果表明：就全年的综合情况而言，影响关中地区空气质量的污染物依次为PM2.5、PM10、NO2和O3，呈现以颗粒物污染为主的复合型污染特征。PM10、PM2.5、SO2、NO2、CO浓度的月变化特征均为冬季最高，夏季最低；O3浓度则表现为夏季最高，冬季最低。2015年关中地区各城市空气质量综合指数较2014年同比均下降，但平均优良天数仅占全年的71.9%，污染现状仍然不容乐观。2015年关中地区SO2、NOx和烟（粉）尘总量的减排对减轻环境空气污染起到重要的作用，采暖期内气象因素对空气质量的影响较为明显。Abstract: Air quality and its trend during 2014-2015 were analyzed based on the monitoring data of six air pollutants of six districts in Guanzhong area. The analysis results showed that as the whole year was concerned, PM2.5 was the major pollutant, followed by PM10, NO2 and O3, exhibiting the complex pollution characteristics dominated with particulate pollution. The monthly change feature of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and CO concentrations were highest in winter and lowest in summer, while the feature of O3 was highest in summer and lowest in winter. For each city of the Guanzhong area, the air quality comprehensive index in 2015 was lower than that in 2014. However, the average percentage of days that the air quality meets the Level Ⅱ of National Air Quality Standard in the Guanzhong area is only 71.9%, indicating the status of still severe air pollution. The reduction of emissions in SO2, NOx and smoke (powder) dust in the Guanzhong area during 2015 played an important role in air quality improvement, and the air quality was more likely to be directly influenced by the meteorological conditions during the winter heating season.
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